Arm Flashcards
What is the deltopectoral triangle and what runs through it?
Between deltoid, pectoralis major and clavicle.
Cephalic vein
What is the course of the cephalic vein in the arm?
Originates at anatomical snuffbox»_space; ant.lat. surface»_space; deltopectoral triangle»_space; axilla inf to clavicle
What forms the anterior wall of the axilla?
pectoralis major and minor, subclavius, calvipectoral fascia
What forms the medial wall of the axilla?
Upper thoracic wall, serratus anterior
What forms the posterior wall of the axilla?
Subscapularis, teres major, latissimus dorsi, long head of triceps brachii
What forms the lateral wall of the axilla?
Intertubercular sulcus
What does the neurovascular bundle to the arm contain?
Cords of the brachial plexus
Axillary artery & vein
Lymph nodes
Where does the neurovascular bundle enter the arm?
Through the apex of the axilla
Where does the lymph from the breast that drains into the axillary lymph nodes drain to?
Mainly anterior pectoral group
Pectoral nodes drain which part of the breast?
Lateral breast
Central lymph nodes drain which part of the breast?
Tail of the breast
-also collect lymph from other groups
Where is the apical group of lymph nodes and where do they receive lymph from?
In the apex of the axilla
-receive lymph from all other nodes
What are the 4 groups of axillary lymph nodes?
- Central
- Apical
- Anterior pectoral
- Posterior pectoral
Where are the parasternal nodes?
Anterior to the sternum
Where does pectoralis minor run in relation to the axillary artery?
Anterior to the axillary artery
Where does the axillary artery begin and end?
- Lat margin of rib 1 (from subclavian)
- Inf margin of teres major (becomes brachial)
Where do the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral arteries arise from the axillary artery and what do they form?
Arise inferior to pectoralis minor and form an anastamosis around the surgical neck of the humerus via the quadrilateral space
Does the axillary artery lie medial or lateral to the axillary vein?
Artery is lateral
Where does the axillary vein form?
Lower border of teres major
What is the name of the deep fascia either side of the humerus?
Lateral and medial intermuscular fascia
What are the 3 muscles of the anterior/flexor compartment of the arm and what is the common nerve supply to these muscles?
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Coracobrachialis
Innervation; musculocutaneous
What artery supplies the anterior compartment of the arm?
Brachial artery
-Lies medially then moves laterally»_space; midway between epicondyles
What are the attachments of the biceps brachii muscle?
Origin: -short head: corocoid process
- long head: supraglenoid tubercle
Insertion: radial tuberosity
What are the actions of biceps brachii muscle?
Flexor of forearm and supinator
What are the attachments of brachialis muscle?
Origin: -anterior humerus
Insertion: - ulnar tuberosity
What are the actions of brachialis?
Flexor of forearm
What are the attachments of coracobrachialis?
Origin - coracoid process
Insertion - linear roughening on med midshaft humerus
What are the actions of coracobrachialis?
Flexor of arm
What is the one muscle of the posterior compartment of the arm?
Triceps brachii?
What are the origins of triceps brachii?
Long head - infraglenoid tubercle (scapula)
Lat head - post humerus (sup to spiral groove)
Med head - post humerus (inf to spiral groove)
What is the common insertion of triceps brachii?
Olecranon (ulna)
What is the nerve supply to triceps brachii?
Radial nerve (C6-8)
What is the function of triceps brachii?
Extension of forearm at elbow
Long head also extends and adducts arm at shoulder
Where does the deltoid tuberosity lie in relation to the spiral groove?
Laterally
Which 2 structures run in the spiral groove?
Radial nerve
Profunda brachii artery
Which artery supplies the posterior compartment of the arm?
Profunda brachii artery
- Passes through triangular interval, along spiral groove & terminates as 2 collateral vessels at elbow
Which muscle crosses teres major?
Long head of triceps brachii
Which vein runs in the deltopectoral groove?
Cephalic vein
Which muscle overlies the brachial plexus in the axilla?
Pectoralis minor
