PCOL of Psychostimulant misuse Flashcards
psychostimulants activate the ___ resulting in alertness, excitation, and elevated mood
CNS
role of mesolimbic dopamine system
- prefrontal cortex - planning, judgement
- ___ - reward
- amygdala - emotion, fear
- hippocampus - memory and learning
- ventral tegmental area
- nucleus accumbens
nicotine - MOA
- at least ___ different subunits
- nicotine activates nicotinic acetylcholinergic receptors
- ___ enters cell, ___ exits the cell = action potential
- heterogeneity of subunits determines how many ___ of ACh bind to receptor
- variation in receptor composition at different sites may influence physiological response
- 12
- Na, K
- molecules
acetylcholine vs nicotine
- similarities between nicotine and ACh are charged ___ groups and hydrogen bond acceptor groups
- nicotine is membrane ___ at physiological pH (weak base)
- nicotine is not degraded by ___
- amino
- penetrable
- AChe
Suggests that pharmacology of the drug isn’t a main contributor of addiction, its about the factors surrounding the use
partial agonist therapy
- causes release of ___
- ___ addicitive
- nicotine replacement therapy relatively ineffective alone
- ___ partial agonist increases quit rate success
- dopamine
- highly
- varenicline
T or F: cocaine acts differently due to its size
True
why is pseudoephedrine kept behind the counter?
if you ___ the OH in pseudoephedrine to an H, you get meth
cant do this to phenylephrine
reduce
what drug is amphetamine linked with chloroethyl-theophylline?
fenethylline
MOA of cocaine
antagonists of amine transporters
___ ≥ ___ > ___
- prevents ___ reuptake
- increase concentration and duration of action of __
DAT, SERT, NERT
DA, DA
MOA of methamphetamine ecstasy and bath salts
amphetamines, ecstasy, and bath salts all compete for ___
- resemble endogenous DA, NE
- block ___ reuptake
- push out ___ from vesicles)
- increase extra-vesicular DA
- ___ transport (gradient)
- amphetamines are ___
activate trace amine-associated receptor (TAAR1)
- phosphorylates DAT
- induces ___ transport function
- reuptake
- DA
- DA
- reverse
- MAOis
- reverse
sythetic cathinones are derivatives from the ___ plant
- mild euphoria, excitment
- similar to strong coffee
Khat
man chewing on tennis ball
common synthetic cathinones
- produced in china and south east asian counties
- designer drugs
common names
- bath salts
- plant food
- molly
- flakka
- scarface
clinical effect of methamphetamine abuse
- DA downregulation is not evidence of a broken brain
- receptor downregulation believed to mediate ___ symptoms
- recovery of DA receptors shows ability to return to ___
- withdrawal
- homeostasis
T or F: stimulants enhance cognitive ability
FALSE
sympathomimetic toxidrome
MATHS
mangement
1) treat agitation, HTN, and seizures with ___
2) avoid pure ___ due to unapposed alpha agonism
- HTN normally responds to sedation
- hy[erthermia denotes a poor prognosis
- aggression and paranoia often seen
- Mydriasis
- Agitation, arrhythmia, angina
- Tachycardia
- HTN, hypertermia
- Seizure, sweating
1) BZDs
2) BBs
