Patients With Medical Emergencies Flashcards
_______ reactions are negative reactions to drugs
allergic
when a drug a patient is allergic to enters their body, the body thinks of the drug as an _________ and creates what for that drug
thinks of the drug as an antigen
and creates antibodies for the drug
T/F:
the more the patient is exposed to the drug they are allergic to, the more sensitive the patient becomes and reactions could become more severe
TRUE
______ reactions to contrast media are nausea, hives, mild vomiting, weakness, warmth, pallor, etc
minor
“pallor” definition
paleness of skin
if a minor reaction occurs, does the patient need to seek medical treatment?
no, but they must be observed to ensure reaction does not get worse
_______ reactions to contrast media are tachycardia, bradycardia, hypotension, hypertension, dyspnea, laryngeal edema, etc
moderate
“tachycardia” definition
heartbeat increase *above 100 BPM
“bradycardia” definition
heartbeat decreases *slower than 60 BPM
“hypotension” definition
low blood pressure
“hypertension” definition
high blood pressure
“dyspnea” definition
shortness of breath
“laryngeal edema” definition
swelling; fluid retention
if a moderate reaction occurs, does the patient need to seek medical treatment?
patient does not need to seek medical treatment but must be observed to ensure reaction does not get worse
a _______ reaction to contrast media or drugs is anaphylactic shock
severe
what happens to a patient during an anaphylactic shock
they experience respiratory arrest and vascular shock
what can be used as a treatment for anaphylactic shock?
epinephrine
what are common symptoms of anaphylactic shock?
-laryngeal edema
-convulsions
-unresponsiveness
-extreme hypertension
-nausea
what are contraindications (ie. restrictions) for using contrast media? (5)
-patients older than 50 yrs
-patients with diabetes
-patients with limited kidney functions
-patients with heart disease
-patients who had previous adverse reactions to contrast media
CPR stands for what?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
_____ is needed when the patient goes into cardiac arrest
CPR (Cardiopulmonary resuscitation)
begin ____ if a patient’s pulse stops
CPR
what are the proper steps taken to assess the patient prior to STARTING CPR?
CAB
-Circulation
-Airway
-Breathing
the ratio of CPR compressions to breathe for an adult are what?
30:2
