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AORN Periop class > Patient safety > Flashcards

Patient safety Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 11 components of the preoperative patient safety?

A
  1. a safe environment
  2. appropriate staffing levels
  3. correct instrument care and cleaning
  4. fire safety
  5. infection prevention
  6. patient-centeredness
  7. Prevention of pt. falls
  8. Prevention of sharps injury
  9. Safe patient handling and movement
  10. Sharps safety
  11. teamwork
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2
Q

What are the 3 zones in the perioperative zone?

A
  1. unrestricted zone
  2. semi-restricted zone
  3. restricted zone
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3
Q

What are examples of unrestricted zone?

A

public hallways and patient waiting areas

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4
Q

What are permitted in the unrestricted zone?

A

street clothes

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5
Q

What are semi-restricted areas secured from?

A

public areas

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6
Q

What is used to secure the semi-restricted?

A
  1. signage
  2. doors
  3. security measures –> doors, electronic access, badge requirements to enter.
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7
Q

What are examples of semi-restricted areas?

A
  1. hallways adjacent to the operating rooms
  2. sterile supply storage
  3. sterile processing department
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8
Q

What can you wear in a semi-restricted areas?

A
  1. clean surgical attire
  2. head cover
  3. facility-approved shoes
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9
Q

What are in the restricted zone?

A

operating rooms

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10
Q

How are restricted zones accessed?

A

only through semi-restricted areas

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11
Q

How are operating rooms (restricted zone) separated?

A

by doors

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12
Q

What can you wear in the restricted zone?

A
  1. surgical attire
  2. head cover
  3. mask
  4. facility-approved shoes
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13
Q

What should you wear in the restricted zone if there is a potential for exposure to blood and other bodily fluids?

A

protective eyewear and shoe covers

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14
Q

What kind of pressure is used in the OR?

A

positive pressure

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15
Q

Who is part of the basic team in the OR?

A
  1. surgeon
  2. first assistant
  3. scrub person
  4. RN circulator
  5. anesthesia
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16
Q

Who is part of the sterile field in the OR?

A

surgeon, first assist, scrub person

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17
Q

Who is part of the non sterile field in the OR?

A

RN circulator, anesthesia

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18
Q

Who are health care providers that care for the surgical patient?

A
  1. allied health personnel
  2. post anesthesia care unit RNs and team members
  3. Perianesthesia RNs and team members
  4. Pharmacists, other physicians
  5. Radiology and laboratory team members
  6. support personnel
19
Q

When is team communication most important? what 4 times?

A
  1. admission
  2. transport
  3. hand-over
  4. immediately B4 surgery
20
Q

What should be followed to prevent wrong patient, wrong site, and wrong procedure?

A

standardized preoperative verification and communication processes

21
Q

What are the 5 parts of the preoperative verification process?

A
  1. include the patient in the verification process
  2. use standardized safety checklists
  3. patient identification
  4. surgical site marking
  5. time out
22
Q

How many identifiers should you use for patient identification?

A
  1. patient name
  2. date of birth
    - -> MRN, procedure
23
Q

Who marks the surgical site?

A
  1. surgeon

2. proceduralist

24
Q

What is a time out?

A

is a pause in patient care immediately before the procedure begins to conduct a final assessment of the patient.

25
Q

When do you conduct a time out?

A
  1. regional block
  2. surgery
  3. other invasive procedure
26
Q

What are the 3 elements of the fire triangle?

A
  1. an ignition source
  2. fuel
  3. oxidizer
27
Q

What are examples of an ignition source?

A
  1. electrosurgical pencil
  2. argon beam coat
  3. power tools
  4. laser
  5. defibrillator elect. equip
28
Q

What are examples of fuel?

A
  1. flammable preoperative skin antiseptic products

2. surgical drapes

29
Q

What are examples of an oxidizer?

A
  1. oxygen

2. nitrous oxide

30
Q

What do you want to perform before you start a procedure?

A

fire risk assessment

31
Q

What are the elements of a fire risk assessment?

A
  1. alcohol based prep?
  2. surgical procedure above or below diploid?
  3. oxygen or nitrous oxide being used?
  4. ESU, laser, fiberoptic light cord, any other contributors?
32
Q

What are life safety events in the OR?

A
  1. fire in the OR
  2. malignant hyperthermia
  3. local anesthesia systemic toxicity
  4. cardiac arrest
  5. latex allergy
33
Q

What do you want to do to prevent life safety events?

A
  1. identify pt.’s at risk for MH, LAST, latex allergy, and cardiac events
  2. locate emergency supplies, equipment, and carts
34
Q

What are 3 ways you can prevent patient falls?

A
  1. assess patients for their risk for falls
  2. implement fall prevention practices
  3. document fall precautions
35
Q

What are s/sx of LAST?

A
  1. metallic taste
  2. tongue/lip numbness
  3. auditory changes
  4. dizziness
  5. diplopia
  6. dysarthria
  7. shivering
  8. tremors
  9. delirium
  10. syncope
  11. seizures
  12. coma
  13. cardiac events
  14. resp. arrest
36
Q

How is LAST treated?

A
  1. stop admin of anesthetic call for HELP
  2. bring in LAST supplies/rescue kit
  3. maintain pt. airway
  4. ventilate pt. w/100% oxygen
  5. basic or adv. life support
  6. verify IV access
  7. 20% lipid emulsion therapy
37
Q

What are 3 ways to prevent patient falls in the Periop setting?

A
  1. lock beds
  2. safety strap
  3. appropriate amount of people
38
Q

When is a fire risk assessment performed in the OR?

A
  1. during timeout

2. pre-briefing

39
Q

What are 3 ways to prevent a fire in the OR?

A
  1. chloraprep - wait 3 min
  2. keep cautery in holder
  3. turn off lights when you aren’t using it
40
Q

What are early s/sx of MH?

A
  1. increase in ETCO2
  2. muscle rigidity
  3. tachycardia
41
Q

What is a late s/sx of MH?

A

temp change

42
Q

What is the medication used to treat MH?

A

dantrolene

43
Q

How is dantrolene prepared?

A

dantrolene and sterile water

AORN Periop class (23 decks)

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