Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AORN Periop class > Endoscopic surgery > Flashcards

Endoscopic surgery Flashcards

1
Q

What type of surgery is endoscopic surgery?

A

minimally invasive

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the benefits of minimally invasive surgery?

A
  1. decreased risk of surgical site infection
  2. decreased tissue trauma
  3. reduced intraoperative blood loss
  4. decreased postop pain
  5. shorter hospital stay
  6. faster recovery
  7. lower potential for formation of adhesions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A device used to inspect the inside of an instrument through a small opening or lumen of the
instrument.

A

borescope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

To pass by infiltration or effusion from a proper vessel or channel (eg, a blood vessel) into surrounding
tissue.

A

extravasation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Processes that kill all microbial pathogens but not necessarily all bacterial spores.

A

high-level disinfection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

The act of blowing gas into a body cavity for the purpose of visual examination.

A

insufflation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

A device that mechanically cleans, rinses, and exposes flexible endoscopes and accessories to a highlevel disinfectant or liquid chemical sterilant.

A

mechanical processor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Surgical procedures performed through one or more small incisions (port sites) using endoscopic
instruments, radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging, computer-assisted devices, robotics, and
other technologies.

A

minimally invasive surgery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

A small incision into which a trocar is inserted for placement of a cannula (ie, to allow instrumentation
to be passed through) into a cavity or body part to perform minimally invasive surgery.

A

port site

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

The presence of air or gas within the peritoneal cavity of the abdomen.

A

pneumoperitoneum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

A zone that refers to workflow and the restriction of positioning dynamic equipment into this space
during the operation of the imaging equipment.

A

no-fly zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Processes by which all microbial life, including pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms and
spores, is killed.

A

sterilization

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does white balance do?

A

adjusts white, red, green, and blue colors to appear as natural as possible.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

During endoscopic surgery, which item is located on the sterile field?

A

endoscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is placed on each side of the patient?

A

video monitor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The RN circulator connects the WHAT to the camera control unit?

A

camera cable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The surgeon or scrub person holds the WHAT at the sterile field?

A

camera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

The RN circulator connects the WHAT to the light source box?

A

light source

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What 2 overarching things are endoscopes?

A
  1. surgical

2. diagnostic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What do surgeons use diagnostic endoscopes for?

A

to view and examine an area in order to diagnose a patient’s condition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do surgeons use surgical endoscopes for?

A

to perform surgery by placing instruments into operating channels that are incorporated into the endoscope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What 2 shapes are endoscopes?

A
  1. flexible

2. rigid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What 2 things should be done to prevent fire with endoscopes and lights?

A
  1. Turn off the light source to place it in “stand-by” mode when it is not in use
  2. Check that all cables are secure before turning on the light source
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are the Do’s of fiberoptic light cables?

A
  1. handle fiberoptic cables carefully

2. loosely coil a fiberoptic cable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What are the Don’ts of fiberoptic light cables?

A
  1. bend or kink a fiberoptic cable
  2. drop a fiberoptic cable
  3. look directly into the end of a fiberoptic cable when it is attached to a light source
26
Q

What are trocars used for?

A

to access the operative site when a natural orifice does not exist

27
Q

What does a trocar consist of?

A
  1. obturator

2. a cannula

28
Q

How do an obturator and cannula work together?

A

obturator fits inside cannula and then the cannula stays so that instruments can be passed through

29
Q

What are characteristics of an atraumatic clamping instrument?

A
  1. hold tissue

2. smooth jaw

30
Q

What are characteristics of a traumatic clamping instrument?

A

have teeth

31
Q

What additional besides atraumatic and traumatic can cup forceps do?

A

biopsy

32
Q

What is the main function of the clip applier?

A

suturing and stapling

33
Q

What is the main function of the scissors?

A

dissecting

34
Q

What are the gases used for insufflation?

A
  1. CO2
  2. air
  3. nitrogen
  4. nitrous oxide
  5. argon
  6. helium
35
Q

What is the most commonly used gas for insufflation?

A

CO2

36
Q

Why is CO2 used most commonly?

A
  1. dissolves easily into the bloodstream

2. is colorless, odorless, nonflammable, and inexpensive

37
Q

What are potential complications associated with gas insufflation?

A
  1. elevation in blood pressure
  2. increase in CO2 levels
  3. acidosis
  4. decreased cardiac output
  5. cardiac arrhythmias
  6. gas embolism
  7. peritoneal irritation
  8. decreased renal blood flow
  9. decreased urine output
38
Q

What are 6 practices to reduce the risk for patient injuries and complications associated with gas insufflation?

A
  1. placing the insufflator above the level of the surgical cavity.
  2. checking that the alarms are on and audible
  3. ensuring that a hydrophobic filter is between the insufflator and the insufflation tubing
  4. Flushing the insufflator tubing with the gas that will be used for the surgery before the tubing is connected to the cannula
  5. Setting the flow rate according the manufacturer’s IFU and surgeon’s preference
  6. maintain the insufflation pressure athlete lowest level necessary for the pneumoperitoneum and surgical site visualization
39
Q

What pressure do you want to maintain the pneumoperitoneum>

A

pressure less than 15

40
Q

What is a rare and potentially serious complication of insufflation?

A

intra-abdominal gas embolism

41
Q

How does a intra-abdominal gas embolism work?

A
  1. gas increase abdominal pressures
  2. open blood vessels allow the gas to enter the circulatory system
  3. the gas embolism enters the vascular system
  4. the embolism travels to the right vent or pulm artery
42
Q

What are clinical signs of gas embolism?

A
  1. dyspnea
  2. systemic hypotension
  3. cardiac anomalies
  4. hypoxemia
  5. end-tidal co2 changes
43
Q

Safety practices for gas cylinders include:

A
  1. verify that the correct gas is being used by checking the cylinder’s label, connector, and color coding
  2. make sure there is enough gas in the cylinder
  3. check that the key can open the cylinder
  4. ensure that the cylinder is opened before use
  5. have a second, full cylinder of the same gas being sued immediately available
44
Q

How can fluids be used to create a surgical working space?

A

by gravity or pump infusion

45
Q

What is the fluid used for irrigation and distention media selected based on?

A
  1. surgical procedure
  2. patient assessment
  3. instruments used during he surgical procedure
46
Q

What type of fluid is used for gynecological and urological procedures, and with monopoly instruments?

A

low viscosity non-electrolyte fluid

47
Q

Is low viscosity non-electrolyte fluid hyper or hypotonic?

A

hypo

48
Q

What can low-viscosity non-electrolyte fluid cause if absorbed in large quantities?

A

TUR syndrome

49
Q

What are examples of low-viscosity non-electrolyte fluid?

A
  1. 1.5% glycine
  2. 5% mannitol
  3. 3% sorbitol
50
Q

What fluid is often used with bipolar instruments?

A

normal saline

51
Q

Is normal saline hyper, hypo, or isotonic?

A

isotonic

52
Q

What does NS contain?

A

electorlytes

53
Q

What can NS be safter than if large amounts are absorbed?

A

nonelectrolyte fluids

54
Q

What type of fluid is a plasma volume expander?

A

high-viscosity

55
Q

How much volume can high-viscosity fluid draw?

A

six times its own volume into the bloodstream

56
Q

What kind of complications can high-viscosity fluid cause?

A
  1. fluid overload
  2. heart failure
  3. pulmonary edema
57
Q

What does high-viscosity fluid have a high content of?

A

glucose

58
Q

What is an example of ahigh-viscosity fluid?

A

dextran

59
Q

What are energy-generating device safety practices?

A
  1. use the lowest power setting possible
  2. the person controlling the hand piece is the only person who should operate the foot pedal
  3. only use trocar systems that protect the patient from errant electrical current
  4. inspect instrument insulation before, during, and after use
  5. use a scanning device during the sterilization process to ensure the instrument’s insulation is not compromised
60
Q

What zone contains the MRI scanner?

A

zone IV

AORN Periop class (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions