Patient Assessment Flashcards

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1
Q

5 parts of pt assessment process

A
  1. Scene size-up
  2. Primary survey
  3. History taking
  4. Secondary assessment
  5. Reassessment
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2
Q

Scene Size-up

A
Ensure scene safety
Determine MOI/NOI
Take standard precautions
Determine # of pts
Consider additional/specialized resources
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3
Q

Primary Survey

A

Form general impression through: Responsiveness/LOC, ABCDE, identify cc/life threats, priority of pt care, and transport decision

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4
Q

History Taking

A

Investigate cc, hx present illness, and PMH

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5
Q

Reassessment

A

Repeat primary survey, reassess vital signs and cc, recheck interventions, identify/treat changes in condition

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6
Q

Define blunt trauma

A

Force of injury occurs over a board are without breaking skin

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7
Q

Define penetrating trauma

A

for of injury occurs at specific point of contact between skin and object

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8
Q

Signs of airway obstruction in unresponsive pt

A

Obvious trauma, blood, or other obstruction
Noisy breathing - snoring, bubbling, gurgling, crowing, stridor or other abnormal breath sounds
Extremely shallow or absent breathing

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9
Q

When do you consider use of positive pressure ventilation?

A

Respirations exceed 28 breaths/min or less than 8 breaths/min with signs of inadequate tidal volume

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10
Q

Signs of respiratory distress

A
Agitation, anxiety, restlessness
Stridor, wheezing
Accessory muscle use
Tachypnea
Mild tachycardia
Nasal flaring, seesaw breathing, head bobbing
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11
Q

Signs of respiratory failure

A
Lethargy, difficulty to rouse
Tachypnea w/ periods of bradypnea or agonal respirations
Inadequate chest rise/poor excursion
Inadequate respiratory rate or effort
Bradycardia
Diminished muscle tone
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12
Q

Indications for spinal immobilization

A

Blunt or penetrating trauma w/: MOI indicating potential spinal injury, pain or ttp of neck or spin, c/o neck or back pain, paralysis or neuro complaint, priapism
Blunt trauma w/: AMS, intoxication, difficulty or inability to communicate

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13
Q

AVPU Scale

A

Awake : spontaneously opens eyes, awake and aware of you, responsive to surroundings, follows commands, tracks people and objects.
Verbal stimuli : Not awake and alert. Eyes open to verbal stimuli and respond in meaningful way when spoken to.
Painful stimuli : Moves or cries out to painful stimulus.
Unresponsive : No response to verbal or painful stimulus.

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14
Q

What part of memory does Person, Place, Time, and Event test when evaluating orientation? (A&Ox4)

A

Person : long-term memory
Place : long-term and intermediate memory
Time : intermediate and short- term memory
Event : short-term memory

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15
Q

DCAP-BTLS

A
Deformities
Contusions
Abrasions
Punctures/penetrations
Burns
Tenderness
Lacerations
Swelling
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16
Q

Examples of high-priority pts requiring immediate transport

A
Difficulty breathing
Serious MOI
Poor general impression
AMS
Severe chest pain
Pale skin or signs of poor perfusion
Complicated childbirth
Uncontrolled bleeding
Responsive but unable to follow commands
Severe pain
Inability to move any part of body
17
Q

Significant MOIs - Adults

A
Ejection from vehicle
Death of passenger in same vehicle
Fall > 20 feet
Vehicle rollover
High-speed MVC (40 mph)
Vehicle-pedestrian collision
Motorcycle crash
Unresponsive or AMS following trauma
Penetrating trauma to head, chest, or abdomen
18
Q

Significant MOIs - Peds

A

Ejection from vehicle
Death of passenger in same vehicle
Fall < 10 feet or 2-3 x the child’s height
Fall of < 10 w/ LOC
Medium-to-high-speed vehicle crash (> 25 mph)
Bicycle crash

19
Q

AEIOU-TIPS

A
A : alcohol, arrhythmias
E : endocrine
I : infection
O : oxygen
U : urine
T : trauma, temperature
I : insulin (hypo/hyperglycemia)
P : poisoning, psych
S : stroke, seizure, syncope
20
Q

When is it appropriate to conduct a full-body exam vs. focused exam during a medical assessment?

A

Full body exam should be conducted on ALL non-responsive patients.

Focused exam should be conducted on responsive patients based on their complaints.