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Final Exam Flashcards

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1
Q

Cells convert glucose into energy by what two methods?

A

Glycolysis

Krebs cycle

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2
Q

s/s heat stroke

A 
No sweating
Throbbing headache
Hot, red, dry skin
N/V
AMS
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3
Q

s/s heat exhaustion

A 
Heavy sweating
Weakness or fainting
Cold, pale and clammy skin
N/V
Muscle cramps
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4
Q

When should you have a high index of suspicion?

A

Acute medical, traumatic, psychiatric, social condition w/ possible life-threatening or life-altering outcomes

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5
Q

Examples of when you should have a high index of suspicion

A 
MOI
Severity of injury or illness
Abnormal vital signs
Altered
SI or HI
Healthcare provider indicates change in PT condition
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6
Q

EMTALA

A

Applies to any hospital/health system that accepts payment from the Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for MEDICARE AND MEDICAID SERVICES (CMS)

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7
Q

5 Stages of Grief

A 
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
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8
Q

How do you clean a tracheostomy?

A

Ask the caregiver to assist if available.

If not, clean cannula with 1/2 hydrogen peroxide and 1/2 water.

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9
Q

What can you rule out by diffuse abdominal pain?

A

Not much - hard to determine an organ of origin w/o location

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10
Q

Contraindication of D50

A

Intracranial hemorrhage

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11
Q

Types of on-line medication direction

A

Telephone

Radio

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12
Q

Types of off-line medication direction

A

Protocols

Standing orders

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13
Q

Trauma Triad of Death

A

Acidosis
Coagulopathy
Hypothermia

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14
Q

Responsibilities of the triage supervisor

A 
# of pts in each category
Resources needed
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15
Q

What does epigastric mean?

A

Epi - above

grastric - stomach

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16
Q

Anaphylaxis vs anaphylactoid

A

Present the same except anaphylactoid has no previous exposure.

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17
Q

What is an allergic reaction?

A

Occurs when the immune system overreacts to a harmless substance known as an allergen.

18
Q

If you are driving and your partners says delivery of fetus is imminent, what do you do?

A

Pull over
Assist w/ delivery
Assist w/ newborn resuscitation if needed
Continue transport

19
Q

Where should you place the AED pads if a pacemaker is present?

A

At least 1” away from pacemaker

20
Q

Postpartum eclampsia

A

Seizures that occur w/in 24 hours post birth

21
Q

Pediatric dose of activated charcoal

A

1g/kg

22
Q

GEMS Diamond

A

Geriatric patients : normal aging, atypical presentation
Environmental assessment : safety, neglect
Medical assessment : PMH, medications
Social assessment : basic needs, social network

23
Q

Which valves of the heart are considered AV valves?

A

Tricuspid valve

Mitral valve

24
Q

What does atrioventricular stand for?

A

Atria - from the atrium

ventricular - to the ventricles

25
Q

Financial concerns through lifespan development in adulthood

A

Young adults : establishing careers, young children at home
Middle adults : preparing for retirement
Older adults : fixed incomes or chronic illness and unable to work

26
Q

HHS

A 
Hyperglycemia
Dehydration
Osmolality
Electrolyte Deficits
NO KETOSIS/ACIDOSIS - no fruity odor on breath
27
Q

Complications of central venous catheters

A 
Local infection
Bloodstream infection
Occlusion
Bleeding
Dislodgement
28
Q

CSF leak

A

signs : clear fluid from nose or ears
Can occur spontaneously
Commonly found after head trauma

29
Q

What makes up the shoulder joint?

A

Glenoid fossa

Head of the humerus

30
Q

Standard Licensure Requirements for AEMT

A
  1. Basic EMT license or higher
  2. Completion of state-approved AEMT course that meets or exceeds National Emergency Medical Services Education
  3. Current CPR-BLS for “Healthcare Provider” or equivalent
  4. Completion of National Registry cognitive and psychomotor exams
31
Q

Conduction

A

Transfer of heat from body part to a colder object or substance by direct contact

32
Q

Convection

A

Heat is transferred to circulating air

33
Q

Evaporation

A

Body sweats to cool itself

34
Q

Radiation

A

Loss of body heat directly to colder object in the environment by radiant energy

35
Q

Conversion of kg to mcg, mcg to kg

A

kg to mcg = kg - g - mg - mcg x each by 1000

mcg to kg = mcg - mg - g - kg / by a 1000

36
Q

Class I hemorrhage

A 
Blood loss (mL) : Up to 750
Blood loss (%) : Up to 15%
Pulse rate : <100
BP : nl
Pulse pressure : nl or increased
Respiratory rate : 14-20
Urine output : >30
CNS/mental status : slightly anxious
Fluid replacement : crystalloid
37
Q

Class II hemorrhage

A 
Blood loss (mL) : 750-1500
Blood loss (%) : 15-30%
Pulse rate : 100-120
BP : nl
Pulse pressure : decreased
Respiratory rate : 20-30
Urine output : 20-30
CNS/mental status : mildly anxious
Fluid replacement : crystalloid
38
Q

Class III hemorrhage

A 
Blood loss (mL) : 1500-2000
Blood loss (%) : 30-40%
Pulse rate : 120-140
BP : decreased
Pulse pressure : decreased
Respiratory rate : 30-40
Urine output : 5-15
CNS/mental status : anxious, confused
Fluid replacement : crystalloid and blood
39
Q

Class IV hemorrhage

A 
Blood loss (mL) : >2000
Blood loss (%) : >40%
Pulse rate : >140
BP : decreased
Pulse pressure : decreased
Respiratory rate : >35
Urine output : negligible
CNS/mental status : confused, lethargic
Fluid replacement : crystalloid and blood
40
Q

ACTH

A

Hypothalamus secretes ACTH
ACTH targets adrenal cortex and causes cortisol to be secreted
Cortisol increases cell energy production

(During times of stress)

41
Q

Articular cartilage

A

Cushion to protect bones from damage and wear. Allows ends of bones to glide over each other easily.

42
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

Fight or flight response
Vagus nerve causes : Increased HR, dilate bronchi, inhibits digestion, stimulates glucose release, stimulated epi and norepi release, inhibit peristalsis and secretions, relaxes bladder
Ganglion : inhibits salivation
Pupils dilate

advanced emt (33 decks)

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