BLS Resucitation

Question 1

Chain of survival

Answer 1

Recognition/activation of EMS
Immediate high-quality CPR 
Rapid defibrillation
Basic and advanced EMS
ALS and postarrest care

Question 2

What are reversible causes of cardiac arrest which may be treated on an AEMT level? (5 Hs & Ts)

Answer 2

Hypovolemia
Hypoxia
Hydrogen ion (acidosis)
Hypo/hyperkalemia
Hypothermia
Tension pneumothorax
Tamponade, cardiac
Toxins
Thrombosis, pulmonary
Thrombosis, coronary

Question 3

Anyone younger than ___ year is considered an infant.

Answer 3

1

Question 4

A child is between ___ year of age and _____.

Answer 4

1; onset of puberty

Question 5

Most cardiac arrests occur as the result of which sudden cardiac dyrhythmias?

Answer 5

Ventricular fibrillation

Pulseless ventricular tachycardia

Question 6

What is ventricular fibrillation?

Answer 6

Disorganized quivering of the ventricles generated by ectopic foci causing no forward blood flow.

Question 7

What is ectopic foci?

Answer 7

Electrical activity originating from site other than the SA node.

Question 8

What is pulseless ventricular tachycardia?

Answer 8

Rapid contraction of the ventricles that does not allow for normal filling of the heart.

Question 9

How many cycles of CPR should be performed before applying the AED pads in an infant or child?

Answer 9

5

Question 10

What is the preferred AED use for infants and children?

Answer 10

Pediatric-sized pads and a close attenuator.

Question 11

Where should an AED pad be placed if the patient has a pacemaker?

Answer 11

Left pad should be placed 1” away from device.

Question 12

Even when external chest compression are performed properly, they circulate only _____ of the blood that is normally pumped by the heart.

Answer 12

1/3

Question 13

How many compresses does it take to reestablish effective blood flow to the heart?

Answer 13

5 to 10

Question 14

Postresuscitative support for ROSC

Answer 14

Monitor glucose levels
Optimize ventilation and saturation above 94%
Treat hypotension - IV/IO bolus, consider treatable causes (H & T), medic backup
Advanced critical care in the ED: 12-lead EKG, coronary reperfusion, temperature management

Question 15

Benefits of impedance threshold device (ITD).

Answer 15

Limits air entering the lungs during recoil which may increase cardiac filling and circulation during each compression.

Question 16

Benefits of a mechanical piston device and load-distributing band.

Answer 16

Frees rescuers to complete other tasks and eliminates fatigue.

Question 17

Possible respiratory issues in pediatrics leading to cardiopulmonary arrest.

Answer 17

Injury, blunt and/or penetrating
Infections
FB
Submersion
Electrocution
Poisoning or OD
SIDS

Question 18

Where do you check a pulse on an infant?

Answer 18

Brachial artery

Question 19

Where do you check a pulse on a child?

Answer 19

Carotid or femoral artery

Question 20

How can you check responsiveness of an infant?

Answer 20

Gently tap soles of feet

Question 21

CPR is require in infants or children when they are ___.

Answer 21

Absent breathing
Agonal respirations
Pulseless or less than 60 beats/min

Question 22

Chest compression fraction.

Answer 22

Total percentage of time during a resuscitation attempt in which chest compressions are being performed.

Question 23

What is the minimal percentage of chest compression fraction?

Answer 23

60%

Question 24

What are the three exceptions to not starting CPR?

Answer 24

1. Scene is unsafe.
2. Obvious signs of death, including an absence of pulse and breathing, along with: rigor mortis, dependent lividity, putrefaction, or nonsurvivable injury.
3. DNR or no-CPR order

Question 25

When should you STOP CPR?

Answer 25

S : starts breathing and has a pulse.
T : transferred to equal or higher-level of care.
O : out of strength
P : physician directs you to d/c

Question 26

What is the difference between single rescuer and two rescuer CPR on a pediatric pt?

Answer 26

Compression/vent ratio in single rescuer is 30:2, but two rescuer is 15:2.