Gyn Emergencies

Question 1

Function of ovaries

Answer 1

Produce ova

Hormones estrogen and progesterone

Question 2

Menopause

Answer 2

Cessation of mensuration and ovarian function.

Occurs b/n 45-55 years

Question 3

Amenorrhea

Answer 3

Absence or cessation of menses

Question 4

Causes other than pregnancy that cause amenorrhea

Answer 4

Women’s body fat drops below certain percentage

Emotional problems or extreme stress

Question 5

PID

Answer 5

Acute or chronic infection of the upper reproductive orgnas

Question 6

Chief s/s of PID

Answer 6

pelvic pain and fever

Question 7

s/s of BV

Answer 7

Itching, burning, pain, foul-smelling discharge

Question 8

s/s chlamydia

Answer 8

Lower abd pain, low back pain, nausea, fever, pain w/ sex, bleeding b/n menstrual periods.

Question 9

s/s genital herpes

Answer 9

blisters or painful sores, fever, muscle aches, headache, dysuria, vaginal discharge, swollen glands in groin area

Question 10

s/s gonorrhea

Answer 10

dysuria, yellow or blood foul odor discharge, and occult blood with intercourse.

Cramping, abd pain, n/v, bleeding b/n menstrual cycle

Question 11

STDs that can progress to PID if not treated.

Answer 11

BV, chlamydia, gonorrhea

Question 12

How is syphilis trasnmitted?

Answer 12

Direct contact with open sores

Question 13

s/s trichomoniasis

Answer 13

Frothy, yellow-green vaginal discharge with strong odor

Irritation or itching, discomfort during intercourse, dysuria, and lower abdominal pain

Question 14

Conditions that can cause vaginal yeast infections

Answer 14

Oral contraceptives, menstruation, pregnancy, DM, and abx

Question 15

s/s of vaginal yeast infection

Answer 15

itching, burning, soreness of vagina and vulva
vulvar swelling
thick, white discharge
pain w/ intercourse 
dysuria

Question 16

What is the leading cause of maternal death during the first trimester?

Answer 16

Internal hemorrhage in abdomen following rupture of ectopic pregnancy

Question 17

When should you consider an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 17

Amenorrhea

Sudden onset of stabbing and unilateral pain in lower abd

Question 18

A history of ___, ___, ____ should heighten your suspicion for possible ectopic pregnancy.

Answer 18

PID, tubal ligation, ectopic pregnancy

Question 19

s/s endometritis

Answer 19

malaise, fever, constipation or uncomfortable bowel movements, vaginal bleeding and/or discharge, abd distention, and lower abd or pelvic pain.

Bowel sound may be decreased and pain may be elicited w/ palpation

Question 20

placenta previa

Answer 20

placenta develops over or partially or completely covers the cervix

Question 21

abruptio placenta

Answer 21

premature separation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus

Question 22

s/s placenta previa

Answer 22

significant vaginal bleeding and mild pain

Question 23

s/s abruptio placenta

Answer 23

little vaginal bleeding and moderate to severe pain

Question 24

Ectopic pregnancies are usually recognized during the first ____ weeks of pregnancy

Answer 24

6 to 8

Question 25

G/P/A

Answer 25

G : # of pregnancies
P : # of pregnancies carried to term
A : # of miscarriages, stillbirths, or abortions

Question 26

Management of vaginal bleeding

Answer 26

Treat for shock
Keep warm
Place in supine
Oxygen even if not experiencing SOB
IV access
Administer 20-mL/kg bolus of isotonic crystalloid solution - nl saline or lactated ringer
Treat external lacs, abrasions, and tears w/ compresses