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NHA > Pathophysiology > Flashcards

Pathophysiology Flashcards

1
Q

Endemic

A

Illness that is constantly present within a community

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2
Q

Epidemic

A

An infectious disease that spreads rapidly within a large number of people or area.

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3
Q

Pandemic

A

An infectious disease that spreads world wide

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4
Q

Morbidity

A

Measure of sickness within a specific population or area

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5
Q

Mortality

A

Measure of deaths in an area or population

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6
Q

Incidence

A

Occurrence of new diseases in a specific population

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7
Q

Prevalence

A

Proportion of a population who have a particular disease at a specific point in time

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8
Q

Risk factors

A

Characteristics that make a person more likely to suffer a disease or injury

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9
Q

Pathophysiology

A

The study of physical manifestations of illness and disease

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10
Q

Etioilogy

A

The cause, set of causes, or manner of causation of a disease or condition

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11
Q

Symptoms of diabetes mellitus

A 
Polyuria
Polydipsia
Fatigue
Blurry vision
Weight loss
Hyperglycemia
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12
Q

Symptoms for Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCDS)

A

Irregular menstrual cycle
Elevated hormone levels
Multiple cysts in ovaries

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13
Q

Symptoms for Hypothyroidism

A 
Fatigue
Weight gain
Muscle aches
Bradycardia
Depression
Elevated cholesterol
Dry skin
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14
Q

Symptoms for Hyperthyroidism

A 
Weight loss
tachycardia
Fatigue
Sleep disruption
Goiter
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15
Q

Symptoms for basal cell carcinoma

A

New growth or sore that does not heal

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16
Q

Symptoms for squamous cell carcinoma

A

Spreads to surrounding tissue

Most common on face and head

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17
Q

Symptoms for malignant melanoma

A

Itchy/bleeding mole
New mole
Mole with changes

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18
Q

Symptoms for acne vulgaris

A

Black heads
White heads (comedos)
Papules, Pustules

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19
Q

Symptoms for alopecia

A

Loss or lack of hair anywhere on the body, typically on the scalp. Can include eyebrows and eyelashes

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20
Q

Symptoms for cellulitis

A

Red, tight skin
Pain in inflamed area
Fever

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21
Q

Symptoms for dermatitis

A

Inflammation of skin resulting in rash and pruritus

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22
Q

Symptoms for eczema

A

Chronic dermatitis with vesicular eruptions developing into itchy, red, scaly rash

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23
Q

Symptoms for folliculitis

A

Red, itchy hair follicles (pimple appearance)

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24
Q

Symptoms for herpes simplex

A

Type I: Painful blisters on lips, mouth, and face

Type II: Similar lesions, located in genital area

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25
Q

Symptoms for impetigo

A

Itchy, oozing skin lesions with honey-like appearing crust

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26
Q

Etiology of impetigo

A

Staphylococcal and streptococcal bacteria

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27
Q

Symptoms for pediculosis

A

Skin itching

Nitts (eggs) in hair, particularly near the roots

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28
Q

Psoriasis

A

Silvery, scaly, severely itchy skin

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29
Q

Ringworm

A

Flat, circular lesions (dry/scaly or moist/crusty)

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30
Q

Etiology of ringworm

A

Fungus

31
Q

Symptoms for rosacea

A

Redness

Acne-like eruptions on face

32
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Joint stiffness and pain
Fluid surrounding the joint
Grating sound with joint movement

33
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

Destruction of the joint capsule causing scar tissue to form

Visible joint deformity

34
Q

Bursitis

A

Joint pain and swelling

35
Q

Gout

A

Joint pain
Common in big toe and knee joints
Stiffness
Swelling

36
Q

Kyphosis

A

Visible upper back curvature (humpback)

37
Q

Lordosis

A

Inward curvature of the lower back (swayback)

38
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

Fractures at birth

Blue sclera of the eye

39
Q

Etiology for Osteoporosis

A 
Hormone deficiencies
Lack of Vitamin D
Corticosteroid use (log term)
40
Q

Osteosarcoma

A

Pain in bones (usually legs)

Swelling with development of tumor growth

41
Q

Paget’s disease

A

Bone pain and deformity

Excessive bone destruction

42
Q

Scoliosis

A

Bent appearing spine (laterally)

43
Q

Etiology of Fibromyalgia

A

Unknown

Exacerbated by sleep deprivation, emotional distress, depression

44
Q

Symptoms for fibromyalgia

A

Fatigue
Point tenderness
chronic facial pain

45
Q

Muscular dystrophy

A

Muscle weakness leading to eventual paralysis

46
Q

Myasthenia gravis

A

Double vision
Muscle weakness
Dysphagia
Difficulty breathing

47
Q

Tetanus

A

Muscle spasm in jaw and neck

Rigid spasm

48
Q

Etiology of tetanus

A

Toxin produced by Clostridium tetani

49
Q

Angina (angina pectoris)

A

Pain/tightness in chest

50
Q

coronary artery disease (atherosclerosis)

A

Buildup of fat and cholesterol in arteries

51
Q

Myocardial infarction

A

Squeezing chest pain that can iradiat

52
Q

Aneurysm

A

Bulging of an artery

53
Q

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

Shortness of breath
Wheezing
Peripheral edema

54
Q

Lymphedema

A

Persistent tissue swelling

55
Q

Causes of mononucleosis

A

Epstein-Barr Virus

Cytomegalovirus

56
Q

Symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

A

Fatigue

Butterfly rash on face

57
Q

Symptoms of asthma

A

wheezing
cough
tightness in chest

58
Q

Atelectasis

A

Dyspnea
Cyanosis
Diaphoresis

59
Q

Bronchitits

A

Yellow-gray or green productive cough
Chest tightness
Dyspnea

60
Q

Etiology of Emphysema

A

Smoking

Specific types of dust

61
Q

Etiology of Legionnaire’s disease

A

Legionella bacteria that grow in standing water

62
Q

Alzheimer’s disease

A

Confusion

Memory loss

63
Q

Bell’s palsy

A

Weakness or paralysis of facial muscles

64
Q

Seizures

A

Uncontrolled muscle contractions

65
Q

Meningitis

A

Stiff neck
headache
fever
vomiting

66
Q

Multiple sclerosis

A

Loss of ability to speak
Double vision
Loss of balance
Weakness in arms/legs

67
Q

Parkinson’s disease

A

Arm/leg muscle and joint stiffness
Lack of coordination
Tremor

68
Q

Stroke

A

Paralysis
Confusion
Memory impairment

69
Q

Benign prostathic hyperplasia (BPH)

A

Feeling of full bladder after urinating

Need to urinate often

70
Q

Prostate cancer

A

Pain
Erectile dysfunction
Dysuria

71
Q

Appendicitis

A

RLQ pain
Loss of appetite
Nausea

72
Q

Cirrhosis

A 
Anemia
Fatigue
Fever
Hepatomegaly
Jaundice
73
Q

Cholelithiasis (gallstones)

A

Pain RUQ
Fever
Nausea, vomiting

NHA (12 decks)

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