Microbiology Flashcards
Cell membrane
Thin, outermost structure of human cells. Selective permeable
Cell wall
Outermost layer of the cell that maintains its shape and protects it. Human cells do not have a cell wall, but bacteria do.
Nucleus
Round structure inside the cell that controls the cells’ functions. It contains the body’s genetic information.
Nuclear membrane
Structure that surrounds the nucleus.
Cytoplasm
Liquid part inside of the cell that contains other organelles. The components of the cytoplasm are water, proteins, ions and nutrients
Ribosome
Organelle that contributes to protein synthesis. The ribosomes support RNA
Endoplasmic reticulum
Provides networks of passageways for moving various substances within the cytoplasm.
Mitochondrion
Oganelle that gives the cells energy
Lysosome
The function of the lysosome within the cell is digestion.
Centriole
Cylindrical shaped organelle that plays a role in cell division.
Golgi apparatus
Synthesizes carbohydrates and sorts the proteins the ribosome is supporting.
Peroxisome
Organelle in the cytoplasm that contains enzymes
Flagellum
Tail like appendage that allows the cell to move in a swimming like motion
Cilia
Hair like projections that help move substances through various tracts and paths in the body
Bacteria shaped like rods
bacillus
Bacteria are round shaped
coccus
Bacteria shaped like comma
vibrio
What causes genital warts
HPV (human papillomavirus)
What causes mononucleosis
Epstein Barr virus
What causes pediculosis capitis
head lice
What causes crabs
pubic lice
What causes vaginal yeast infection
Candida albicans
Bacteria shaped like a spiral
Spirillium
Which microorganism is considered a probiotic and is helpful in the human body
Lactobacillus acidophilus
Which bacteria produces syphylis
Treponema pallidum
Which viral disease produces weakness and paralysis of muscles, fever and headache
Polio
Which virus produces AIDS
HIV (human immunodeficiency vrus)
Which bacteria produces whooping cough
Bordetella pertussis
Which bacteria produces botulism
Clostridium botulinum
Which bacteria produces tetanus
Clostridium tetani
