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Cardiovascular Lectures > Pathology: Peripheral Vascular and Aortic Diseases > Flashcards

Pathology: Peripheral Vascular and Aortic Diseases Flashcards

1
Q

What planes are disrupted in an aortic dissection?

What groups does this occur at higher rates?

A
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2
Q

What conditions are associated with Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm?

A
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3
Q

What is the difference in true and false aneurysms?

A
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4
Q

What type of dissection is this?

A

Type B

DeBakey III

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5
Q

What is described?

Pressurized blood gains entry to the arterial wall through a surface defect and then pushes apart the underlying layers.

A

Arterial dissections

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6
Q

What is described here?

A

Primary Raynaud phenomenon

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7
Q

Label these

A
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8
Q

What type of dissection is this?

A

Type A

DeBakey I

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9
Q

What is the classic clinical symptom of aortic dissection?

What is the most common cause of death?

A
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10
Q
A

A

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11
Q
  • In DVT of the legs, what is the most important risk factor?
A
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12
Q

What is this?

A
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13
Q

What is this?

A
  • Hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis
    • (“onion-skinning”) (arrow) causing luminal obliteration (periodic acid–Schiff stain).
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14
Q
  • What is Lymphangitis?
    • What is seen on the skin?
    • What can result from it?
A
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15
Q

When would the rupture of dilated lymphatics occur?

What can it lead to?

A
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16
Q

What is Raynaud Phenomenon?

A
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17
Q

What are the clinical manifestations of an AAA?

A
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18
Q

Describe what secondary lymphedema is and what can cause it

A
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19
Q

Relate pulmonary embolism and DVT

A
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20
Q

What is this?

A
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21
Q

What are the differences in Type A and Type B dissections for Tx and PT outcome?

A
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22
Q

What is described here?

A

Secondary Raynaud phenomenon

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23
Q

What is Milroy disease and how does it relate to edema?

A
24
Q

What are the factors related to aneurysm/dissection pathogenesis?

A
25
Q

What type of Arteriosclerosis is associated with malignant HTN?

A

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

26
Q

What type of dissection is this?

A

Type A

DeBakey II

27
Q

Describe how size relates to AAA rupture risk

A
28
Q
  • What accounts for > 90% of cases of thrombophlebitis and phlebothrombosis - venous thrombosis accompanied by inflammation? What other sites of thrombi can cause this?
  • What can cause portal vein thrombosis?
A
29
Q

What is shown in A and B?

A
30
Q

What is Mönckeberg medial sclerosis?

A
31
Q

How can the following cause an aneurysm or dissection to form?

Excessive connective tissue degradation

A
32
Q
  • What is Prinzmetal angina?
    • What can occur if it lasts 20-30 minutes?
    • What can it do vessels and how?
    • What weird ass cardiac condition can result from it?
A
33
Q

What is this?

A
34
Q

What are the two variants of Arteriosclerosis?

A
35
Q

What are the pathological outcomes of varicose veins?

A
36
Q

Describe the general differences in walls between veins and arteries

A
37
Q

What kind of aneurysm is described?

Circumferential dilations up to 20 cm in diameter; these most commonly involve the aortic arch, the abdominal aorta, or the iliac arteries.

A

Fusiform aneurysms

38
Q

What is shown?

A
  • Cross-section of aortic media from a patient with Marfan syndrome, showing marked elastin fragmentation and areas devoid of elastin that resembles cystic spaces (asterisks).
39
Q
  • What location in aortic dissection is associated with the most complications?
  • What are the classifications of aortic dissection?
A
40
Q

What structure narrows and causes an aortic dissection?

What condition(s) are associated with aortic dissection?

A
41
Q
  • What are the most important predisposing conditions for aortic aneurysms?
    • What kind of aneurysms are they associated with?
A
42
Q

What can chronic edema lead to?

A
43
Q

What is cystic medial degeneration?

A

***Changes related to factors that cause aneurysms/dissections***

44
Q

What is shown?

A

Raynaud Phenomenon

45
Q

How can the following cause an aneurysm or dissection to form?

Inadequate or abnormal connective tissue synthesis

A
46
Q

What is Trousseau syndrome?

A
  • Venous thrombi also can result from the elaboration of procoagulant factors from cancers; the resulting hypercoagulable state can manifest as thromboses in different vascular beds at different times, so-called “migratory thrombophlebitis” or “Trousseau syndrome.”
47
Q
A

C

48
Q

How can the following cause an aneurysm or dissection to form?

Loss of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) or change in the SMC synthetic phenotype

A
49
Q

Describe the signs/symptoms of DVT in the legs

A
50
Q

What kind of aneurysm is described?

Discrete outpouchings ranging from 5 to 20 cm in diameter, often with a contained thrombus.

A

Saccular aneurysms

51
Q

What is this?

A
  • Hyaline arteriolosclerosis.
    • The arteriolar wall is thickened with the deposition of amorphous proteinaceous material (hyalinized), and the lumen is markedly narrowed.
52
Q

What is shown here?

A

Normal media for comparison, showing the regular layered pattern of elastic tissue

53
Q

Describe the measurements/locations associated with aortic dissection.

What kind of rupture results in massive hemorrhage or cardiac tamponade?

A
54
Q

Concerning Varicose Veins of the Extremities

  • What exactly are they?
  • What part of the body do they normally affect?
  • Who gets it more often, and why?
  • What are the clinical manifestations of it?
A
55
Q
  • Where do AAA’s occur?
  • What is present in a majority of cases?
A
56
Q

Describe the general process of how an Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm develops

A

Cardiovascular Lectures (27 decks)

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