Clinical: Patient History Flashcards
What are the two common/concerning tyoes of cardiac related dyspenia?
- Dyspenia Types
-
Orthopenia
- shortness of breath (dyspnea) that occurs when lying flat, causing the person to have to sleep propped up in bed or sitting in a chair.
- Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
- Attacks of severe shortness of breath and coughing that generally occur at night. It usually awakens the person from sleep, and may be quite frightening.
A patient has chest pain and is not in severe repirtory distress or shock.
- The patient has sharp pleuritic pain, sudden onset dyspnea.
- The patient reports that sometimes they cough up blood and have short “black outs”.
What is your top Ddx?
-
Pulmonary Embolism
- Could also be penumothorax, penumonia, or pleutis.
A patient has chest pain and is not in severe repirtory distress or shock.
- The patient has atypical angina pain, along with a high risk of coronary artery disase.
What is your top Ddx?
Myocardial Infarction or Ischemia
- Also think of pulmonary embolism, digestive pain, psychogenic pain.
Define Anasarca
Edema EVERYWHERE in the body
What is the difference between lipedema and lymphodema?
- Lipedema
- Edema from fluid retained in the interstital space by lipids in the dermis
- Lymphodema
- Edema from lymphatic drainage obstruction.
Define Ascites
Colleciton of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
What are the different types of edema?
- Anasarca
- Ascites
- Lipedema
- Lymphedema
- Myexedma
- Pretibial Myexedma
Llama
A patient has chest pain and is not in severe repirtory distress or shock.
- The patient has atypical angina pain, along with a low risk of coronary artery disase.
What is your top Ddx?
- Pulmonary Embolism
- Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Digestive Pain
- MSK Pain
- Psychogenic Pain
A patient has chest pain and is not in severe repirtory distress or shock.
- The patient has sharp pleuritic pain that radiates to the shoulders and the back.
- The patient reports that they learn forward to relieve the pain.
What is your top Ddx?
Pericarditis
If a patient is having palpitations, what would make you immediately suspect that there is underlying arrhythmia?
- If the palpitations occur with syncope or presyncope.
- Known history of cardiac disease
What are palpitations? What is it usually due to?
Awareness of heartbeat
- Cardiac causses
- Sinus Tachycardia
- Heightened awarness of NORMAL sinus rhythm.
A patient has chest pain and is not in severe repirtory distress or shock.
- The patient has typical angina pain.
- Diffuse retrosternal pressure that radiates to the one arm.
- Dyspenia, and nausea
What is your top Ddx?
-
Myocardial Infarction or Ischemia
- Also think of pulmonary embolism, digestive pain, psychogenic pain.
What are the 5 concerning/common cardiac symptoms?
- Chest ppain
- Palpitations
- Dyspenia
- Edema
- Syncope
PC DEmS
A patient has chest pain and is not in severe repirtory distress or shock.
- The patient reports that the pain feels like a ripping or tearing senstion.
- The pain radiates to the back.
- The patient also has a history of hypertension.
Aortic Disection