Pathology: Dyrshythmia

Question 1

What are Ectopic foci?

What is the mechanism that it causes Cardiac dysrhythmia?

Answer 1

Can cause *Abnormal automaticity of the heart*

Question 2

Describe what happens to the P and QRS of a 3° AV Block (complete) heart block?

Answer 2

Question 3

• What areas of the cardiac electrical conduction pathway are affected when alterations in “Sinus Rhythm” are seen?
• Are alterations in “Sinus Rhythm” common?

Answer 3

Question 4

What type of Atrial dysrhythmia is shown?

Answer 4

Question 5

What condition can be described as a “polymorphic ventricular tachycardia with a long QT interval” that manifsts as QT elongation followed by Ventricular Tachycardia?

Answer 5

Torsades De Pointes

Question 6

What are the risks and transient symptoms of Torsades De Pointes?

Answer 6

Question 7

What kind of Atrial dysrhythmia is shown?

Answer 7

Question 8

What happens to the PR interval in a 1° AV Block? What kind of treatment is required for it?

Answer 8

Question 9

What kind of Ventricular dysrhythmia is this?

Answer 9

Question 10

What actually is a Premature atrial contraction?

Answer 10

If your heart’s electrical system triggers the early or extra beat in the atria, the result is a premature atrial contraction.

Question 11

What type of heart block is shown?

Answer 11

Question 12

What is “Sick Sinus Syndrome”?

Answer 12

Question 13

What kind of Ventricular dysrhythmia is this?

Answer 13

Question 14

What type of atrial dysrhythmia is shown?

Answer 14

Question 15

What type of atrial dysrhythmia is shown?

Answer 15

Question 16

What type of heart block is shown?

Answer 16

Question 17

What mechanism, besides abnormal automaticity, can cause cardiac dysrhythmia?

Answer 17

Question 18

Differentiate between Asystole, Arrhythmia, Dysrhythmia, and Ventricular fibrillation,

Answer 18

Question 19

What are the main types of heart blocks?

Answer 19

• 1° AV Block
• 2° AV Block [Mobitz Type I or Wenchebach]
• 2° AV Block [Mobitz Type II]
• 3° AV Block (complete)

Question 20

In a 2° AV Block [Mobitz Type I or Wenchebach], what happens to the following

• PR interval
• QRS complex

Answer 20

Question 21

What are the causes of Torsades De Pointes?

Answer 21

Question 22

Give the general causes (not mechanisms) of Dysrhythmia

Answer 22

Question 23

What is the common cause for heart blocks?

Answer 23

Question 24

What are the three general treatment options for Atrial Dysrhythmia?

Answer 24

Question 25

What type of heart block is Lyme disease associated with?

Answer 25

3° AV Block (complete)

Question 26

What happens to the PR interval in a 2° AV Block [Mobitz Type II]? Why is this type of heart block especially risky, and how is it treated?

Answer 26

Question 27

What kind of heart block is shown?

Answer 27

Question 28

• Do heart blocks cause dysrhythmia?
• Do they affect CO?

Answer 28

Question 29

What kind of Ventricular dysrhythmias is this?

Answer 29

Torsades De Pointes

Question 30

What kind of Ventricular dysrhythmia is this?

Answer 30

Question 31

What occurs in a Bundle Branch Block?

Answer 31

Question 32

What are the 4 main types of Atrial dysrhythmias?

What is a deadly risk of Atrial dysrhythmias?

Answer 32

1. Premature atrial contractions
   
   • ​​PAC
2. (Paroxysmal) Atrial tachycardia
   
   • ​​PAT
3. Atrial flutter
4. Atrial fibrillation

PFPF

Risk for Blood Clot Formation

Question 33

• What are three main types of Ventricular dysrhythmias, and which one is most common?
• Do they affect cardiac output?

Answer 33

1. Ventricular premature beats aka Premature Ventricular​ Contractions
   
   • PVC
   • Most common and can progress to Ventricular Fibrillation
2. Ventricular Tachycardia
3. Ventricular Fibrillation