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Year 2 Gastrointestinal > Pathology of the liver III > Flashcards

Pathology of the liver III Flashcards

1
Q

where does the p450 cycle occur in the liver?

A

mitochondria

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2
Q

what zone is usually affected first in hepatic injury? what is the name of this zone? why is it injured first?

A

zone 3

centrilobular

lowest oxygen tension

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3
Q

what are the drug reactions / expectations for the intrinsic drugs?

A

predictable
dose dependent
short latency
specific lesions

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4
Q

what are the drug reactions / expectations for the idiosyncratic drugs?

A 
unpredictable 
dose independent 
variable latency 
variable lesions 
hypersensitivity
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5
Q

what do tetracyclines cause in the liver?

A

microsteatosis

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6
Q

what does methotrexate cause in the liver?

A

macrosteatosis

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7
Q

what does acetaminophen cause in the liver?

A

necrosis

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8
Q

what do isoniazid and halothane cause in the liver?

A

hepatitis

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9
Q

what does amiodarone cause in the liver?

A

fibrosis

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10
Q

what do steroids and erythromycin cause in the liver?

A

cholestasis

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11
Q

what drug causes microsteatosis in the liver?

A

tetracyclines

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12
Q

what drug causes macrosteatosis in the liver?

A

methotrexate

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13
Q

what drug causes necrosis in the liver?

A

acetaminophen

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14
Q

what drugs cause hepatitis in the liver?

A

isoniazid and halothane

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15
Q

what drug causes fibrosis in the liver?

A

amiodarone

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16
Q

what drugs cause cholestasis in the liver?

A

erythromycin

17
Q

how much alcohol is required to develop alcoholic liver disease?

A

male - over 80 g/day

18
Q

what is the name for alcoholic hyaline, histologically?

A

mallory bodies

19
Q

centrilobular and sinusoidal fibrosis occurs during what phase of alcoholic liver disease?

A

chronic alcoholic liver disease

20
Q

mallory bodies are seen during what phase of alcoholic liver disease?

A

acute sclerosing hyaline necrosis

21
Q

what is the AST:ALT ratio in alcoholic steatohepatitis?

A

greater than 2

22
Q

in alcoholic steatohepatitis is AP increased or decreased?

A

increased

23
Q

what are the proximate causes of death in alcoholic steatohepatitis?

A

hepatic coma
massive GI hemorrhage
infection
hepatorenal syndrome following a bout of alcoholic hepatitis

24
Q

what are the features of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)?

A

obesity
diabetes
hyperlipidemia

25
Q

which conditions can lead to NASH?

A

insulin resistance / metabolic syndrome

drug hepatotoxicity

26
Q

which drugs can lead to the development of NASH?

A

tamoxifen, nifedipine

27
Q

ischemic hepatitis, shock liver, and hypoxic hepatitis are results of what conditions?

A

left sided heart failure
heart surgery
shock

28
Q

what are the causes of intrahepatic portal vein thrombosis?

A 
cirrhosis 
malignancy 
stasis 
pregnancy 
idiopathic PH
29
Q

what are the causes of extrahepatic portal vein thrombosis?

A

abdominal infection and inflammation
hypercoagulability
surgery

30
Q

what is an infarct of zahn?

A

intrahepatic portal vein thrombosis

no necrosis

31
Q

what are the causes of hepatic passive congestion?

A

right sided heart failure
constrictive pericarditis
congenital heart disease

32
Q

what is the gross appearance of centrilobular hemorrhagic necrosis?

A

nutmeg liver

33
Q

what is budd-chiari syndrome?

A

clotting or obstruction of the hepatic vein and or IVC usually due to underlying condition that predisposes to blood clotting

34
Q

what is the cause of obliterative hepatocavopathy?

A

IVC obstruction

35
Q

what are the clinical features of obliterative hepatocavopathy?

A

abdominal wall edema
torturous abdominal venous pattern
leg edema

36
Q

veno-occlusive disease follows what procedure / processes?

A

bone marrow transplantation

ingestion of certain alkaloids

Year 2 Gastrointestinal (38 decks)

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