Osteopathic considerations

Question 1

75% of parasympathetic influence is from what cranial nerve?

Answer 1

vagus

Question 2

what is the effect of increased parasympathetic activity on the liver?

Answer 2

promotes glycogen synthesis

Question 3

what is the effect of increased parasympathetic activity on the gall bladder and bile ducts?

Answer 3

contraction

Question 4

what is the effect of increased sympathetic activity on the liver?

Answer 4

promotes glycogen breakdown

Question 5

what is the effect of increased sympathetic activity on the gall bladder and bile ducts?

Answer 5

relaxation

Question 6

increased tone within the sympathetic nervous system is most often seen during what type of state?

Answer 6

disease or trauma

Question 7

lymphatics are very much influenced by the motion of what areas of the body?

Answer 7

diaphragms

Question 8

pacinian corpuscles and free nerve endings respond to what movement? what is the result?

Answer 8

stretch

pain

Question 9

the spinal cord becomes facilitated from increased and prolonged visceral afferent input and leads to palpatory tissue changes and tenderness to palpation in what areas for the UPPER GI AREA?

Answer 9

T5 - T11

Question 10

the spinal cord becomes facilitated from increased and prolonged visceral afferent input and leads to palpatory tissue changes and tenderness to palpation in what areas for the LOWER GI AREA?

Answer 10

T9 - L2

Question 11

a preference for extension, rotation, and sidebending occurs on what side in response to involved GI organs?

Answer 11

same side

Question 12

thoracic splanchnic afferents report visceral dysfunction to what ganglion?

Answer 12

celiac

Question 13

lumbar splanchnic afferents report visceral dysfunction to what ganglion?

Answer 13

inferior mesenteric

Question 14

hyperactivity of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems to the bowel can manifest as what condition?

Answer 14

IBS