Common presentations of GI disease

Question 1

which class of abx are the worst at causing nausea and vomiting?

Answer 1

macrolides

Question 2

diabetics (usually type 1 diabetics on insulin for a long time) usually get what type of functional GI disorder?

Answer 2

gastroparesis

Question 3

what are the CNS causes of nausea and vomiting?

Answer 3

increased intracranial pressure
migraine
vestibular disorders
closed head injury

Question 4

what are the nausea / vomiting red flags?

Answer 4

age 55 or older 
unintended weight loss 
progressive dysphagia 
persistent vomiting 
GI bleeding 
altered mental status 
family hx of GI cancer 
feculent vomiting

Question 5

definition: acute diarrhea

Answer 5

3 or more loose stools per day

no longer than 14 days

Question 6

what are the diarrhea red flags?

Answer 6

bloody / tarry stools 
extremes of age 
recent travel 
unintentional weight loss 
high fever 
volume of stool

Question 7

what are the red flags of constipation?

Answer 7

unable to pass flatus
weight loss
history of cancer

Question 8

if bloating is constant what could that signify?

Answer 8

ovarian cancer

ascites

Question 9

what are the red flags for bloating?

Answer 9

age 
anemia 
abdominal exam suggesting fluid or mass 
sustained visible distension 
unintentional progressive weight loss 
co-existing nausea, vomiting, diarrhea 
GI bleeding

Question 10

what is Kehr’s sign?

Answer 10

pain radiating to left shoulder from splenic rupture

Question 11

what are the causes of periumbilical pain?

Answer 11

intestinal obstruction
early appendicitis
aortic dissection

Question 12

what is grey turner’s sign? what does it indicate?

Answer 12

hemorrhagic peritonitis - bruising of flanks

retroperitoneal bleeding