Hepatitis A, B, D, E Flashcards
what are the signs and symptoms of hepatitis?
most patients have no symptoms, or have vague symptoms
when there are symptoms, they are usually flu like
what are the hereditary causes of hepatitis?
wilsons
hemochromatosis
a1AT deficiency
what are the self limiting hepatitises?
A and E
what are the clinical features of autoimmune hepatitis?
female increased ALT/AST ANA positive ASMA positive anti-LKM portal triaditis
which antibody is positive in primary biliary cirrhosis?
AMA
PBC carries a high risk for what disorder?
osteoporosis
which biliary disease is associated with UC?
PSC
which biliary disease is associated with an ANCA positive test?
PSC
what are the causes of self limited viral hepatitis?
CMV herpes EBC yellow fever adenovirus HIV
where does HAV replication take place?
cytoplasm of hepatocyte
what are the routes of transmission for HAV?
fecal-oral (most common)
close personal contact
blood borne (rare)
what is the only DNA hepatitis virus?
B
what is the mechanism of HBV infection?
integration into genome
what are the routes of transmission for HBV?
permucosal (most common)
percutaneous
what is the most common and most significant mechanism of HBV transmission?
birth
if a baby becomes infected with HBV at birth, what is the chance of it becoming chronic?
90%
when do you start treating HBV infection?
starting at 6 months when it becomes chronic (otherwise observe)
if patients are surface antigen positive, what does that mean?
active infection
patients with only surface antibody to HBV means what?
have never been exposed to complete virus - confirms response to vaccination
what is the good news about inactive carrier state in HBV infection?
no inflammation
what are the therapeutic agents for HBV?
interferon
lamivudine
which HBV therapeutic is an immune modulator analog?
interferon
what is the only treatment that can completely wipe out HBV in the body?
interferon
which HBV therapeutic is a nucleo(s)tide?
lamivudine
interferon is what type of HBV agent?
immune modulator analog
lamivudine is what type of HBV agent?
nucleo(s)tide
which agent can be used in HBV patients who are refractory to lamivudine?
adefovir
why is lamivudine still used, despite resistance risk?
only HBV drug that is safe for pregnant women
which hepatitis virus causes fulminant hepatic failure if infection occurs in pregnant women?
E
what is the unique feature of HEV?
behaves like A except when infection occurs in a pregnant woman
what is responsible for hepatitis E infection in the US?
zoonotic infections from swine reservoirs (Midwest)
