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Respiratory > Pathology of ILD > Flashcards

Pathology of ILD Flashcards

1
Q

describe the makeup of the pulmonary interstitium

A

alveolar lining cells( types 1+2)

thin elastin-rich connective component containing capillary BV

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2
Q

what is the early stage of ILD?

A

alveolitis- injury with inflammatory cell infiltration

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3
Q

what is the late stage of ILD?

A

fibrosis

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4
Q

what are the causes of ILD?

A

Environmental (minerals, drugs, radiation. Post-ARDS)
Hypersensitivity (mouldy hay, avian proteins)
Unknown (idiopathic)
Connective tissue diseases
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF)

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5
Q

How is ILD often diagnosed?

A

biopsy

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6
Q

d: transbronchial biopsy

A

special forceps used at bronchoscopy

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7
Q

d: thoracoscopic biopsy

A

more invasive but more reliable and generates far more tissue

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8
Q

name some chronic interstitial diseases

A 
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) 
Sarcoidosis
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (extrinsic allergic alveolitis)
Pneumoconiosis
Connective tissue diseases
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9
Q

what is finger clubbing a possible symptom of?

A

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

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10
Q

describe the pathology of IPF

A

Subpleural and basal fibrosis
Inflammatory component variable
Terminally lung structure replaced by dilated spaces surrounded by fibrous walls

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11
Q

what disease shows honeycombing in the slide and when?

A

late IPF

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12
Q

What is HP?

A

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis

Chronic inflammatory disease

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13
Q

what is the pathology of HP?

A

Small airways
Interstitium
Occasional granulomas

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14
Q

What is the allergic origin of HP?

A

Type III hypersensitivity

Type IV hypersensitivity

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15
Q

name 3 possible causes of HP

A

Thermophilic bacteria – Farmers lung
Avian proteins – Bird fanciers lung
Fungi – Malt workers lung

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16
Q

what is often detectable in serum of HP?

A

preciptins (antibodies)

17
Q

d: sarcoidosis

A

inflammatory disease that affects multiple organs in the body

18
Q

what are some other manifestations of sarcoidosis

A

Uveitis (inflammation of iris)
Erythema nodosum
Lymphadenopathy
Hypercalcaemia

19
Q

name some ways there is pulmonary involvement in connective tissue diseases?

A

Interstitial fibrosis (milder than IPF)
Pleural effusions
Rheumatoid nodules

20
Q

d: pneumoconiosis

A

Lung disease caused by mineral dust exposure
Asbestosis
Coal workers lung
Silicosis

21
Q

what is asbestos?

A

a silicate

22
Q

which asbestos fibres are relatively safe?

A

Serpentine (curved) asbestos fibres relatively safe

23
Q

which asbestos fibres are dangerous?

A

Straight (amphibole) asbestos highly dangerous

24
Q

name some pathological changes asbestos causes within the body?

A

Parietal pleural plaques
Interstitial fibrosis (asbestosis)
Bronchial carcinoma
Mesothelioma

Respiratory (27 decks)

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