oxygen and respiratory failure

Question 1

what is type 1 respiratory failure?

Answer 1

short of O2

Question 2

what is type 2 respiratory failure?

Answer 2

short of O2 and too much CO2

Question 3

d: hypoxemia

Answer 3

abnormally low level of O2 in the arterial blood

Question 4

d: hypoxia

Answer 4

not enough o2 perfusing tissues

Question 5

d: hypoxic drive

Answer 5

body uses oxygen chemoreceptors instead of carbon dioxide receptors to regulate the respiratory cycle

Question 6

how do you treat hypercarbia?

Answer 6

Ensure conservative oxygen management
SaO2 88 – 92 %
Increase Vminute
RR is usually already high
Increase VT with NIV

Question 7

what is the pO2 for death?

Answer 7

2.7kPa

Question 8

why is cyanide bad?

Answer 8

Cyanide inhibits ATP at a cellular level, shifting cells from aerobic to anaerobic respiration

Cells no longer take up oxygen, so blood remains oxygenated and bright red

Question 9

what is the antidote and risk to cyanide poisoning?

Answer 9

Antidote is to give Nitrites (Amyl Nitrite), but this can cause dangerously high levels of methaemoglobin

Alternative is hydroxy-cobalamin (Vitamin B12 derivative)

Question 10

which area of the lung has the best ventilation?

Answer 10

lung apex

Question 11

what is the treatment for hypoxaemia?

Answer 11

oxygen

Question 12

what oxygen mask is used for low flow only?

Answer 12

nasal cannulae

Question 13

what is a non-rebreathing mask used for?

Answer 13

CO poisoning
PTX
Cluster headaches
Sickling crisis