Microbiology of Respiratory tract infection Flashcards
what are the symptoms of the flu?
Fever: high, abrupt onset up to 40C Malaise Myalgia Headache Cough Prostration
d: Myalgia
muscle pain
d: Malaise
generally feeling unwell
name the 3 classical flu viruses
influenza A,B,C
What bacterium may be a secondary invader in the flu?
Haemophilus influenzae
how is flu transmitted?
by droplets, or through direct contact with respiratory secretions of someone with the infection
name some infection control procedures used for flu?
aerosol protection for aerosol generating procedures only
gloves
aprons
name the flu complications
Primary influenzal pneumonia Secondary bacterial pneumonia Bronchitis Otitis media Influenza during pregnancy may also be associated with perinatal mortality, prematurity, smaller neonatal size and lower birth weight
name 2 antivirals may be used to treat flu
oseltamivir
Zanamivir
how is flu treated?
bed rests
fluids
paracetamol
antivirals
how is flu confirmed?
Direct detection of virus
PCR
Nasopharyngeal swabs in virus transport medium
Throat swabs in virus transport medium
how can flu be prevented?
by getting vaccine but only by up to 70%
d: prophylaxis
action taken to prevent disease, especially by specified means or against a specified disease
name the microbiological causes of community acquired pneumonia
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Coxiella burnetii
Chlamydia
name the antibiotic classes that work for Mycoplasma, coxiella and Chlamydophila psittaci
teracycline
macrolides
what is the Common cause of community acquired pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
what is coxiella burnetiid aka?
Q FEVER
what is a complication of Q fever and what is responsible for it?
sheep and goats
culture negative endocarditis
what does Chlamydophila psittaci cause?
psittacosis
what is the cause of psittacosis?
birds
name the symptoms of bronchiolitis and who it is common in?
1st or 2nd year of life Fever Coryza Cough Wheeze
Severe cases
grunting
PaO2
Intercostal / sternal indrawing
what are the complications or bronchiolitis?
respiratory and cardiac failure in pre-existing disease or premature babies
what causes bronchiolitis?
RSV
what STI can cause infantile pneumonia?
chlamydia trachomatis
what is the camel flu?
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus
