Pathology of Endocrine Flashcards
What gland regulates Basal Metabolic Rate?
Thyroid Gland
What gland produces calcitonin?
Thyroid Gland
Most common cause of Hyperthyroid?
Graves
Most common cause of Hypothyroid?
Hashimoto
What cells change in Hashimoto?
Hurthle
What happens to TSH in Multi Nodular Goitre?
Increases
What deficiency is most common cause of Multi Nodular Goitre?
Iodine
Follicular Carcinoma genes?
RAS Mutation or PAX8/PRRAG
Papillary Carcinoma genes?
BRAF Mutation or Ret/PTC
Primary Hypoparathyroid causes?
Adenoma
Pitutary Gland can be found where?
Sella Turcica
Anterior Pituitary secretes (6)
ACTH TSH GH Prolactin FSH LH
Posterior Pituitary secretes (2)
ADH
Oxytocin
How much function needs to be lost to classify pituitary hypofunction?
75%
Pituitary Hypofucntion can cause?
Sheehan Syndrome
Adrenal Gland medulla secretes what neuroendocrine cells?
Chromaffin Cells
Conn’s Syndrome is also known as?
Bilateral Idiopathic Hyperplasia
2 Degree Hyperaldosteronism causes what?
Increased Renin Angiotensin
Decreased Renal Perfusion
Acute Adrenal Insufficiency can cause what two conditions?
Waterhouse Frederichsen
Meningoccal Septicemia
How does Waterhouse Frederichsen present?
Hypovolaemic Shock
Hypoglycemia
Chronic Adrenal Insufficiency is what two conditions?
Addisions
Congenital Hypoplasia
Adrenal Medullary Tumours secrete what?
Catecholamines
Catecholamines do what to blood pressure?
High Blood Pressure
Adrenal Medullary Tumour Histology?
Nests Zellballen
Men 1 is also known as?
Werner Syndrome
Men 1 is closely linked to?
Defect in Menin Protein
Prolaitnoma
Men 2 is closely linked to what gene mutation?
RET Proto Oncogene Mutation
Pituitary Adenoma
MEN2A is also known as?
Sipple Syndrome
MEN2b is autoactivation of what pathway?
Tyrosine Kinase Pathway
