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Reproductive System > Pathology of Breast Disease > Flashcards

Pathology of Breast Disease Flashcards

1
Q

what is the incidence of breast cancer

A

1 in 8

one quarter of malignancies

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2
Q

what are the risk factors for breast cancer

A

genetics BRAC1 BRAC2
previous breast cacner
early menarche and late menopause
HRT

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3
Q

what types of bengin breast conditions are there

A 
fibrocystic change
fibroadenoma
intrauct papilloma-nipple discharge 
fat necrosis
duct ectasia 
other adenomas
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4
Q

what is a fibroadenoma

A 
most common tumour 
proliferation of epithelial and stromal elements
small, mobile mass with sharp edges 
not a precursor for cancer
peak age 30s
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5
Q

what is an intraduct papilloma

A

tumour of lactiferous ducts

nipple discharge

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6
Q

what is phyllodes tumour

A

large bulky mass of connective tissue
leak life projections
some can be malignant

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7
Q

what are the risk factors for. breast cancer

A 
gener
age
genetics-BRAC1BRAC2
family history
perosonal history 
hormone treatment
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8
Q

what are the different types of non invasive

A

ductal carcinoma in situ

lobula carcrinoma in stiu

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9
Q

what are the different types of invasive

A

invasive ductal carcinoma

invasive lobular carcnoma

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10
Q

what diagnostic procedures are there

A 
clinical examiantion
mammogram
USS
MRI
FNA
biopsy
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11
Q

what is the screening fro breast cancer

A

very 3 years from 50-70

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12
Q

what are microcalcifications

A

tiny deposits of calcium appearing anywhere in the breast and show on mammorgram
some can be cancerous

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13
Q

on a mammography what are indicators of cancer

A

masses

microcalficiations

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14
Q

what should you record in the histological report

A 
invasive vs noninvasive
size
margins 
type-ductal or lobular
lymph nodes
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15
Q

what is the spread of breast cancer

A

local
lymphatic
blood

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16
Q

what is the local spread of breast cacner

A

skin, pectoral muscles

17
Q

what is the lymphatic spread of breast cancer

A

axillary and internal mammary nodes

18
Q

what is the blood spread of breast cancer

A

bones, lungs, liver and brain

19
Q

what does the prognosis of breast cancer depend on

A 
patient status 
nodes
tumour size 
type 
grade 
age
20
Q

what are the molecular markers of breast cancer

A

oestrogen receptors
progesterone receptors
HER2
they show strong response to hormonal therapies

21
Q

what are the 5 types of molecular classification

A 
ER
luminal A
luminal B
basal 
HER2 positive 
normal
22
Q

what is pagets disease of the nipple

A

intraepithelial adenocarcinoma

usually comes from DCIS

Reproductive System (30 decks)

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