Pathological Conference of Cancer of the Lower Gential Tract Flashcards
what HPV is related to cervical cancer
HPV 16 and 18
what are risk factors for cerival cancer
HPV 16 early sexual intercourse multiple sexual partners low socioeconomic status smoking
what are the symptoms of cervical cancer
abnormal vaginal bleeidng post-coital bleeding intermenstrual bleeding discharge pain
what type of cells are cervical cancer usually
squamous carcinoma
adenocarcinoma
what is the histopathology
CIN
cervical intraepithelial neoplasia
low grade is CIN1
high grade is CIN 2 and 3
what is CIN1-
1/3 of epithelium
what is CIN2
2/3 of epithelium
what is CIN3
severe, all of the epithelium
what is the staging
1-stays in cervix
2-spreads to upper 2/3 of vagina
3- spreads to lower vagina and pelvis
4-bladder and rectum
where does it metastasise to
pelvic nodes
liver, lung and bone
what are the treatments
radical hysterectomy
chemoradiation
risk of miscarriage
what is vulval cancer
cancer of the outer gentitlia including labia minora and major
what are the symptoms
pain
itching
bleeding
ulcer/lump
what are the risk factors for viulval cancer
cervical cancer
anal cancer
smoking
what lymph nodes are involved in vulval cancer
pelvic and upper femoral
inguinal
