Complications of Pregnancy Flashcards
what is the range for mild HT
90-99/140-149
what is the range for moderate HT
100-109/150-159
what is the range for severe HT
> 110/>160
what is gestational hypertension
hypertension which develops after 20 weeks of gestation
can lead to pre-eclampsia
what are changes in women already hypertensive before preganncy
change meidicnes-ramapril causes defects-methlydopa
diuretics
what is pre-ecamplsia
significant proteinuria more than 300 and hypertension
mild on 2 occasions
or severe
what is the effects of pre-ecamplsai
leads to reduced placental perfusion
what are the risk factors for PET
first pregnancy
>35
multiple pregnancies
diabetes
what can it leads to
seizures renal failure cardiac failure HELLP haemolysis elevated liver enzymes low platelets
what are the signs/symptoms of pre-eclampsia
headache blurred vision epigastric pain pain below ribs swelling of hands and legs
what investigations
BP FBC liver functiion renal CTG
what is the management for PET
delivery of baby and placenta
close observations
anti hypersentioves
what is the treatment for seizures
magnesium sulphate bolus
avoid fluid overload
what is gestational diabetes
when a woman without diabetes develops high blood sugars during pregnancy
it reverts to normal after pregnancy
what things have anti-insulin action
BhCG
cortisol form placenta
how does fetal hyperinsulineamia occur
glucose from mother passes to fetus by placenta
this induces insulin production
what does having diabetes increase the risk of
fetal kongenital abnormalities miscarriage still birth shoulder sytocia pre-eclampsia
what is the management before pregnancy
preconception-
better glycemic control
folic acid
what is the management during pregnancy
optimise glucose control could continue metformin may need to change to insulin what for ketonuria watch fetal growth consider c section
what are the risk factors for GDM
BIMI>30
previous microbic baby
family history
what is in virchows triad
stasis
hypercoagubility
vessel wall injury
what is pregnancy a hypercoaguble state
increased fibrinogen factor VII vWB factor platelets decrease in anticoagulants
what are increased risks with thrombosis
older mothers increase parity PET haemorrhage sickle cell previous VTE
what is VTE prophylaxis
TED stockings
hydration
anticoagulation
