✅Pathology-INFECTIONS Flashcards by Jerold Justo

Most common presentation of mumps

Bilateral parotitis

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Pathophysio of sterility in mumps

Caused by scars and atrophy of the testis after resolution of viral infection

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Large pink to purple intranuclear inclusions found in herpes simplex infections

Cowdry type A bodies

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Facial nerve paralysis in varicella

Ramsay hunt syndrome

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Inclusions and morphology seen in CMV infection

Owl’s eye inclusions- prominent intranuclear basophilic inclusions surrounded by halo

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CMV vs EBV

Which is heterophile positive?

EBV

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Which congenital infections can cause blueberry muffin baby?

CMV
Congenital rubella syndrome
Disemminated neuroblastoma

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What is the drug of choice for CMV infection

Ganciclovir

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Atypical lymphocytes found in EBV

Downey cells

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What malignancies are associated with EBV?

Burkitt’s lymphoma

Nasopharyngeal CA

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Pathology in hidradenitis suppurativa

Apocrine sweat glands

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Paronychia is an infection of the

Nail bed

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Felon is an infection of the

Pulp

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Scalded skin syndrome is also known as

Ritter disease

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Toxin in s.aureus that cause scalded skin syndrome

Exfoliatin

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Moa of exfoliatin in Ritter disease

Exfoliatin cleaves desmoglein in desmosones causing separation of epidermis at the stratum granulosum

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Scalded skin syndrome vs TEN

Ritter - epidermis separation at stratum granulosum

TEN - dermis and epidermis

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Other name for TEN

Lyell disease

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Areas of friction in the axillary and ingunal area seen in scarlet fever

Pastia’s lines

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Diffuse edematous neutrophilic inflamattory reaction in the dermis and epid seen in S. pyogenes

Erysipelas

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Toxin in scarlet fever seen in lysogenized strains

Erythrogenic toxin

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Test determining susceptibility to scarlet fever

Dick test

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Erysipelas vs malar rash

Erysipelas - painful

Malar rash - spares the nasal fold

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Pseudomembranes in corynebacterium are made of

Necrosis of the epithelium with outpouring of a dense fibrinosuppurative exudate

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Complications of corynebacterium diphtheriae

Airway obstruction Myoarditis Polyneuritis

Typical bacterial meningitis

Listeria monocytogenes

Morphology of listeria

Gram positive intracellular Bacilli

Describe the motility patter of the following: Listeria Proteus mirabilis Vibrio cholerae Giardia lamblia

Listeria - tumbling Proteus mirabilis - swarming Vibrio cholerae - shooting star Giardia lamblia - falling leaf

None of the cephalosporins are effective against

Listeria Enterococci MRSA

Treatment for MRSA

Doxy Co-tri Clinda Vanco

Bacillus anthracis morphology

Large boxcare shaped gram positive extracellular

Fatal complication of bacillus anthracis

Mediastinal hemorrhage

Modified acid fast stain for nocardia

Fite-faraco

Slender beaded gram positive arranged in braching filaments

Nocardia asteroided

Haze of bacilli entangled with the cilia of bronchial epithelia

Bordetella pertusis

Which virulence factor causes whooping in pertussis infection?

Tracheal cytotoxin

Pattern in necrotizing pneumonia in pseudomas aeruginosa

Fleur de lis pattern

Etiology of hot tub folliculitis

P. Aeruginosa

Etiology of ecthyma gangrenosum

P. aeruginosa

Lymph node enlargement in yersinia pestis

Buboes

Other plagues caused by yersinia pestis

Bubonic plague Pneumonic plague Septicemic plague

Painful genital ulcer

Chancroid

Etiology of chancroid cells

Haemophilus ducreyi

Beefy red ulcer with Pseudobuboes

Klebsiella granulomatis

Stain and findings for klebsiella granulomatis

Donovan bodies in warthin starry stain

Subpleural granuloma

Ghon's focus

Supleural granuloma + lymph node

Gohn's complex

Radiologically detectable calcifiction in TB

Ranke's complex

Focus found in apices in reactivation TB

Simon's focus

Most common site of intestinal tb

Ileum

Abundant acid fast bacilli within macrophages in patients with AIDS CD4

M. avium

Drives macrophages to contain TB in competent people

Gamma interferon

Mycobacterium leprae subtypes

Tuberculoid leprae | Lepromatous leprosy

Paucibacillary type of M. Leprae

Tuberculoid

Large aggregates of lipid laden macrophages in lepronatous leprosy

Lepra cells

Masses of acid fast bacilli in lepromatous leprae

Globi

Most common nerve involvement in lepromatous leprosy

Ulnar and peroneal nerves

Primary stage of syphilis

Chancre

Multinucleate giant cells found in measles

Warthin-finkledey cells

Secondary stage of syphilis

Palmar rash Lymphadenopathy Condyloma latum

Tertiary syphilis

Neurosyphillis Aortitis Gummas

Tabes dorsalis in syphillis is what stage?

Tertiary

Condyloma acuminata

HPV infection

Condyloma lata is found in

Syphilis (2nd stage)

Signs of congenital syphilis

Pneumonia alba | Hutchinson's teeth

Pale and airless lung in congenital syphilis

Pneumonia alba

What is hutchinson's teeth?

Small incisors shaped like a screwdriver or peg often with notches in enamel

Relapsing fever

Borrelia recurrentis

Clinical findings in borrelia recurrentis

Moderate splenomegaly | Erythrophagocytosis

Lyme disease

Borrelia burgdorferi

Acrodermatitis atrophicans is found in

3rd stage of lyme disease

CNS symptoms are found in what stage of lyme disease

2nd stage

Characterized by foul odor, gas bubbles, wide tissue destruction

Clostridum cellulitis Clostridium perfringens

Irregularly shaped foci of necrosis in lymphogranuloma venereum

Stellate abscess

Chlamydia trachomatis are easy to gram stain and culture. T or F.

Basic pathophysiology in rickettsia

Vasculitis

2 ricketssial diseases

Typhus | Rocky mountain spotted fever

Focal microglial proliferations with an infiltrate of mixed T lymohocytes and macrophages in typhus fever

Typhus nodules

Hemmorhagic rash Thrombosis of small blood vessels Brain infarcts Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

Rocky mountain spotted fever

Morphology of cryptococcus neoformans

Thick gelatinous capsile and soap bubble lesions

Pathophysio of soap bubble lesions in cryptococcus neoformans

Yeasts grow in the meninges or expand the perivascular Virchow-Robin spaces

Acute angle of branching filaments

Aspergillus fumigatus

_____ lesions are seen in invasive aspergillosis

Target lesions

Right angle branching of filaments

Mucormycosis

Morphology of mucormycosis

Nonseptate, irregularly wide fungal hyphae with frequent RIGHT Angle branching

Systemic mycose Spherules in endospores

Coccidiodes immitis

Systemic mycoses Intracellular yeasts

Histoplasma capsulatum

Systemic mycosis Board based bud

Blastomyces dermatitidis

Systemic mycoses Mariner's wheel

Paracoccidiodes brasilensis

In malaria hepatosplenomegaly, black or gray parenchyma is due to

Hemozoin

Granulomas in cerebral malaria

Durck granulomas

Which microscopic dots are seen in the ff malarial species? Vivax Ovale Malariae Falciparum

Vivax - schuffner's dots Ovale - schuffner's dots Malariae - ziemann's dots Falciparum- maurer's dots

What is the drug of choice for radical cure of benign tertian malaria?

Primaquine

Maltese cross pattern

Babesia microti

Black skin pigmentation in leishmaniasis

Kala-azar

T. Brucei

African sleeping sickness

Plasma cells containing cytoplasmic globules filled with Ig in african sleeping sickness

Mott cells

What characteristic sign of chagas disease is associated with unilateral periorbital edema

Romaña's sign

Other than myocarditis, what other expected complications in Chagas disease?

Megacolon | Megaesophagus

Rupture of hydatid cysts may lead to

Anaphylaxis

Parasite that encysts in striated muscle

Trichinella spiralis

The coiled larvae of trichinella spiralis is surrounded by menbrane bound vacuoles within

Nurse cells

Only carcinogenic parasite | What CA?

Schistosoma haematobium SCCA of the bladder

Pattern of fibrosis in severe schistosomiasis

Pipe stem fibrosis

Characteristic lesions in mild schistosomiasis

White pinhead sized granulomas scattered throughout the gut and liver from regurgitated heme pigments

Dead microfilariae surrounded by stellate hyaline eosinophilic precipitates embedded in small epitheloid granulomas

Meyers kouvenaar bodies

Drug of choice for river blindness?

Ivermectin

River blindness is caused by

Onchocerca volvulus

What complications may arise during initiation of treatment due to lysis of onchocercal worms?

Mazzoti reaction