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PTHO > ✅Pathology-INFECTIONS > Flashcards

✅Pathology-INFECTIONS Flashcards

1
Q

Most common presentation of mumps

A

Bilateral parotitis

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2
Q

Pathophysio of sterility in mumps

A

Caused by scars and atrophy of the testis after resolution of viral infection

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3
Q

Large pink to purple intranuclear inclusions found in herpes simplex infections

A

Cowdry type A bodies

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4
Q

Facial nerve paralysis in varicella

A

Ramsay hunt syndrome

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5
Q

Inclusions and morphology seen in CMV infection

A

Owl’s eye inclusions- prominent intranuclear basophilic inclusions surrounded by halo

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6
Q

CMV vs EBV

Which is heterophile positive?

A

EBV

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7
Q

Which congenital infections can cause blueberry muffin baby?

A

CMV
Congenital rubella syndrome
Disemminated neuroblastoma

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8
Q

What is the drug of choice for CMV infection

A

Ganciclovir

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9
Q

Atypical lymphocytes found in EBV

A

Downey cells

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10
Q

What malignancies are associated with EBV?

A

Burkitt’s lymphoma

Nasopharyngeal CA

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11
Q

Pathology in hidradenitis suppurativa

A

Apocrine sweat glands

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12
Q

Paronychia is an infection of the

A

Nail bed

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13
Q

Felon is an infection of the

A

Pulp

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14
Q

Scalded skin syndrome is also known as

A

Ritter disease

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15
Q

Toxin in s.aureus that cause scalded skin syndrome

A

Exfoliatin

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16
Q

Moa of exfoliatin in Ritter disease

A

Exfoliatin cleaves desmoglein in desmosones causing separation of epidermis at the stratum granulosum

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17
Q

Scalded skin syndrome vs TEN

A

Ritter - epidermis separation at stratum granulosum

TEN - dermis and epidermis

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18
Q

Other name for TEN

A

Lyell disease

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19
Q

Areas of friction in the axillary and ingunal area seen in scarlet fever

A

Pastia’s lines

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20
Q

Diffuse edematous neutrophilic inflamattory reaction in the dermis and epid seen in S. pyogenes

A

Erysipelas

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21
Q

Toxin in scarlet fever seen in lysogenized strains

A

Erythrogenic toxin

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22
Q

Test determining susceptibility to scarlet fever

A

Dick test

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23
Q

Erysipelas vs malar rash

A

Erysipelas - painful

Malar rash - spares the nasal fold

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24
Q

Pseudomembranes in corynebacterium are made of

A

Necrosis of the epithelium with outpouring of a dense fibrinosuppurative exudate

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25
Q

Complications of corynebacterium diphtheriae

A

Airway obstruction
Myoarditis
Polyneuritis

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26
Q

Typical bacterial meningitis

A

Listeria monocytogenes

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27
Q

Morphology of listeria

A

Gram positive
intracellular
Bacilli

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28
Q

Describe the motility patter of the following:

Listeria
Proteus mirabilis
Vibrio cholerae
Giardia lamblia

A

Listeria - tumbling
Proteus mirabilis - swarming
Vibrio cholerae - shooting star
Giardia lamblia - falling leaf

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29
Q

None of the cephalosporins are effective against

A

Listeria
Enterococci
MRSA

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30
Q

Treatment for MRSA

A

Doxy
Co-tri
Clinda
Vanco

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31
Q

Bacillus anthracis morphology

A

Large boxcare shaped gram positive extracellular

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32
Q

Fatal complication of bacillus anthracis

A

Mediastinal hemorrhage

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33
Q

Modified acid fast stain for nocardia

A

Fite-faraco

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34
Q

Slender beaded gram positive arranged in braching filaments

A

Nocardia asteroided

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35
Q

Haze of bacilli entangled with the cilia of bronchial epithelia

A

Bordetella pertusis

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36
Q

Which virulence factor causes whooping in pertussis infection?

A

Tracheal cytotoxin

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37
Q

Pattern in necrotizing pneumonia in pseudomas aeruginosa

A

Fleur de lis pattern

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38
Q

Etiology of hot tub folliculitis

A

P. Aeruginosa

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39
Q

Etiology of ecthyma gangrenosum

A

P. aeruginosa

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40
Q

Lymph node enlargement in yersinia pestis

A

Buboes

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41
Q

Other plagues caused by yersinia pestis

A

Bubonic plague
Pneumonic plague
Septicemic plague

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42
Q

Painful genital ulcer

A

Chancroid

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43
Q

Etiology of chancroid cells

A

Haemophilus ducreyi

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44
Q

Beefy red ulcer with Pseudobuboes

A

Klebsiella granulomatis

45
Q

Stain and findings for klebsiella granulomatis

A

Donovan bodies in warthin starry stain

46
Q

Subpleural granuloma

A

Ghon’s focus

47
Q

Supleural granuloma + lymph node

A

Gohn’s complex

48
Q

Radiologically detectable calcifiction in TB

A

Ranke’s complex

49
Q

Focus found in apices in reactivation TB

A

Simon’s focus

50
Q

Most common site of intestinal tb

A

Ileum

51
Q

Abundant acid fast bacilli within macrophages in patients with AIDS CD4

A

M. avium

52
Q

Drives macrophages to contain TB in competent people

A

Gamma interferon

53
Q

Mycobacterium leprae subtypes

A

Tuberculoid leprae

Lepromatous leprosy

54
Q

Paucibacillary type of M. Leprae

A

Tuberculoid

55
Q

Large aggregates of lipid laden macrophages in lepronatous leprosy

A

Lepra cells

56
Q

Masses of acid fast bacilli in lepromatous leprae

A

Globi

57
Q

Most common nerve involvement in lepromatous leprosy

A

Ulnar and peroneal nerves

58
Q

Primary stage of syphilis

A

Chancre

59
Q

Multinucleate giant cells found in measles

A

Warthin-finkledey cells

60
Q

Secondary stage of syphilis

A

Palmar rash
Lymphadenopathy
Condyloma latum

61
Q

Tertiary syphilis

A

Neurosyphillis
Aortitis
Gummas

62
Q

Tabes dorsalis in syphillis is what stage?

A

Tertiary

63
Q

Condyloma acuminata

A

HPV infection

64
Q

Condyloma lata is found in

A

Syphilis (2nd stage)

65
Q

Signs of congenital syphilis

A

Pneumonia alba

Hutchinson’s teeth

66
Q

Pale and airless lung in congenital syphilis

A

Pneumonia alba

67
Q

What is hutchinson’s teeth?

A

Small incisors shaped like a screwdriver or peg often with notches in enamel

68
Q

Relapsing fever

A

Borrelia recurrentis

69
Q

Clinical findings in borrelia recurrentis

A

Moderate splenomegaly

Erythrophagocytosis

70
Q

Lyme disease

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

71
Q

Acrodermatitis atrophicans is found in

A

3rd stage of lyme disease

72
Q

CNS symptoms are found in what stage of lyme disease

A

2nd stage

73
Q

Characterized by foul odor, gas bubbles, wide tissue destruction

A

Clostridum cellulitis

Clostridium perfringens

74
Q

Irregularly shaped foci of necrosis in lymphogranuloma venereum

A

Stellate abscess

75
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis are easy to gram stain and culture. T or F.

A

F

76
Q

Basic pathophysiology in rickettsia

A

Vasculitis

77
Q

2 ricketssial diseases

A

Typhus

Rocky mountain spotted fever

78
Q

Focal microglial proliferations with an infiltrate of mixed T lymohocytes and macrophages in typhus fever

A

Typhus nodules

79
Q

Hemmorhagic rash
Thrombosis of small blood vessels
Brain infarcts
Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema

A

Rocky mountain spotted fever

80
Q

Morphology of cryptococcus neoformans

A

Thick gelatinous capsile and soap bubble lesions

81
Q

Pathophysio of soap bubble lesions in cryptococcus neoformans

A

Yeasts grow in the meninges or expand the perivascular Virchow-Robin spaces

82
Q

Acute angle of branching filaments

A

Aspergillus fumigatus

83
Q

_____ lesions are seen in invasive aspergillosis

A

Target lesions

84
Q

Right angle branching of filaments

A

Mucormycosis

85
Q

Morphology of mucormycosis

A

Nonseptate, irregularly wide fungal hyphae with frequent RIGHT Angle branching

86
Q

Systemic mycose

Spherules in endospores

A

Coccidiodes immitis

87
Q

Systemic mycoses

Intracellular yeasts

A

Histoplasma capsulatum

88
Q

Systemic mycosis

Board based bud

A

Blastomyces dermatitidis

89
Q

Systemic mycoses

Mariner’s wheel

A

Paracoccidiodes brasilensis

90
Q

In malaria hepatosplenomegaly, black or gray parenchyma is due to

A

Hemozoin

91
Q

Granulomas in cerebral malaria

A

Durck granulomas

92
Q

Which microscopic dots are seen in the ff malarial species?

Vivax
Ovale
Malariae
Falciparum

A

Vivax - schuffner’s dots
Ovale - schuffner’s dots
Malariae - ziemann’s dots
Falciparum- maurer’s dots

93
Q

What is the drug of choice for radical cure of benign tertian malaria?

A

Primaquine

94
Q

Maltese cross pattern

A

Babesia microti

95
Q

Black skin pigmentation in leishmaniasis

A

Kala-azar

96
Q

T. Brucei

A

African sleeping sickness

97
Q

Plasma cells containing cytoplasmic globules filled with Ig in african sleeping sickness

A

Mott cells

98
Q

What characteristic sign of chagas disease is associated with unilateral periorbital edema

A

Romaña’s sign

99
Q

Other than myocarditis, what other expected complications in Chagas disease?

A

Megacolon

Megaesophagus

100
Q

Rupture of hydatid cysts may lead to

A

Anaphylaxis

101
Q

Parasite that encysts in striated muscle

A

Trichinella spiralis

102
Q

The coiled larvae of trichinella spiralis is surrounded by menbrane bound vacuoles within

A

Nurse cells

103
Q

Only carcinogenic parasite

What CA?

A

Schistosoma haematobium

SCCA of the bladder

104
Q

Pattern of fibrosis in severe schistosomiasis

A

Pipe stem fibrosis

105
Q

Characteristic lesions in mild schistosomiasis

A

White pinhead sized granulomas scattered throughout the gut and liver from regurgitated heme pigments

106
Q

Dead microfilariae surrounded by stellate hyaline eosinophilic precipitates embedded in small epitheloid granulomas

A

Meyers kouvenaar bodies

107
Q

Drug of choice for river blindness?

A

Ivermectin

108
Q

River blindness is caused by

A

Onchocerca volvulus

109
Q

What complications may arise during initiation of treatment due to lysis of onchocercal worms?

A

Mazzoti reaction

PTHO (34 decks)

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