✅Patho- Pedia Flashcards
Example of disruption
Amniotic bands
Define disruption
Secondary destruction of a structure that was normal in development
Example of deformation
Club foot
Extrinsic disturbance of development
Deformation
Most common cause of deformation
Uterine compression
Most common cardiac defect in congenital rubella syndrome
PDA
Potter sequence (oligohydramnios)
Pulmonary hypoplasia
altered facies
Positioning defects of hands and feet
Breech
What test determine’s whether respiration took place on a newborn before death?
Fodere’s test
Hydrostatic test
What test involves floating of the stomach in water to determine the presence of air?
Breslau’s test
Retrolental fibroplasia
Retinopathy of prematurity
Pathogenesis of necrotizing enterocolitis
Transluminal migration of bacteria
MC presentation of NEC
Bloody stools
Morphology of NEC
Pneumatosis intestinale
Bowel infarction
Post NEC strictures
Two forms of fetal hydrops
Immune
Non-immune
Immune hydrops is usually caused by
Hemolytic disease
Non immune hydrops is usually caused by
Cardiovascular defects
Chromosomal anomalies
Fetal anemia
Virus that can cause fetal hydrops
Prvovirus b19
Amount of bilirubin to develop kernicterus
> 20mg/dl
When should rhogam be administered to prevent hydrops fetalis?
28 weeks aog, within 72 hours of delivery or following abortions
Morphology of hydrops
Compensatory hyperplasia of bone marrow
Erythroblastosis fetalis
Large chorionic villi
Kernicterus
Mutation of what is involved in PKU
Gene encoding phenylalanine hydroxylase
Imparts the mousy odor in PKU
Phenylacetic acid
Most common lethal genetic disease that affects caucasians
Cystic fibrosis
Tests for CF
Sweat chloride test
Mutation in CF
Deletion of three nucleotides coding for phenylalanine at amino acid position 508 and production of a defective CFTR
Most common cause of death among people with CF
Respiratory infection due to pseudomonas aeruginosa
Criteria for sudden infant death syndrome
Less than 1 yr old
No cause
Most common finding in sudden infant death syndrome
Multiple petechiae
Safest sleeping position for infants
Supine
Most common tumors of infancy
Hemangioma
Most common teratomas of childhood
Sacrococcygeal
Amplification of N-myc gene
Neuroblastoma
Most common extracranial solid tumor of childhood
Neuroblastoma
Neuroblastoma is derived from
Primordial neural crest cells
Faintly eosinophilic fibrillary material in neuroblastoma morphology
Neuropil
Definition of a rosette
Tumor cells concentrically arranged on a central space
Diseases with Homer-Wright rosettes
Neuroblastoma
Medulloblastoma
PNET
Tumors around a blood vessel
Perivascular rosette
Mainly in ependymomas
Most common primary renal tumor of childhood
Wilms
Mutation in wilms
WT1 gene
Morphology of wilms tumor
Triphasic combination of
Blastemal
Stromal
Epithelial cell types
Primary errors of morphogenesis
Malformations
