Pathology - digestive system Flashcards
1
Q
Appendicitis
A
- causes: idiopathic (unknown origin) inflammation of appendix
- sx: RLQ pain, loss of appetite, nausea
- tx: abx, appendectomy
2
Q
Cirrhosis
A
- causes: scarring of liver, can be autoimmune, meds, alcohol, hep B/C
- sx: anemia, fatigue, fever, enlarged liver, jaundice, wt loss
- tx: avoid alcohol consumption, abx, diuretics
3
Q
Cholelithiasis (gallstones)
A
- causes: insoluble cholesterol/bile salt
- sx: can be asymptomatic, radiating RUQ pain, fever, nausea, vomiting
- tx: laparoscopic cholecystectomy, lithotripsy
4
Q
Colitis (inflammation of the large intestine)
A
- causes: viral or bacterial infection
- sx: diarrhea, abd pain, bloating
- tx: treatment of underlying cause, surgery
5
Q
Constipation (difficulty eliminating feces)
A
- causes: inactivity, lack of fiber and water in diet, meds
- sx: bloating, abd pain, hard feces
- tx: increased dietary fiver and water, physical activity
6
Q
Crohn’s disease
A
- causes: inflammatory bowel disease, autoimmune
- sx: fever, joint pain, tender gums, abnormal abd sounds, constiption/diarrhea, intestinal bleeding
- tx: dietary changes, abx, surgery
7
Q
Diverticulitis (abnormal out-pouching of intestinal wall)
A
- causes: bacterial, viral, parasitic
- sx: constipation/diarrhea, bloody stools, abd pain, nausea
- tx: high-fiber diet, abx
8
Q
Hemorrhoids
A
- causes: constipation, straining during bowel movements, pelvic pressure during pregnancy childbirth
- sx: itching, pain in anal area, blood with bowel movements, visible protrusion from anus
- tx: high-fiber diet, stool softeners, surgical removal
9
Q
Hiatal hernia (part of stomach protrudes through diaphragm into chest cavity)
A
- causes: unknown causes, smoking, obseity
- sx: heartburn, chest pain, excessive burping, nausea, vomiting
- tx: wt reduction, meds, surigcal repair
10
Q
Stomach ulcer
A
- causes: bacterial infection, smoking, meds
- sx: nausea, vomting, abd pain
- tx: abx, antacid medication, surgery
