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Pathology Flashcards

1
Q

what is the auditory meatus and the external canal lined with

A

epidermis- skin (contains sebaceous and ceruminous glands)

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2
Q

what is the auditory meatus and the external canal lined with

A

epidermis- skin (contains sebaceous and ceruminous glands)

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3
Q

what is lined with columnar lined mucosa

A

middle ear

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4
Q

what is the nasal vestibule lined with

A

squamous

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5
Q

what is the nose and sinuses lined with

A

Schneiderian epithelium- pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium

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6
Q

what is the throat lined by?

A

respiratory and squamous epithelium

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7
Q

what kind of gland is salivary gland

A

exocrine

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8
Q

what are the 2 parts to a salivary gland

A

ductular and acinar

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9
Q

what do peripheral myopeithelial cells look like

A

flat or cuboidal

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10
Q

what is otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear

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11
Q

how does one get otitis media?

A

viral

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12
Q

what is cholesteatoma

A

it isn’t a tumour and doesn’t contain cholesterol. Chronic otitis media and perforated tympanic membrane. Abnormal skin growth.

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13
Q

What happens in cholesteatoma

A

abnormal lining of squamous epithelium with inflammation

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14
Q

What is vestibular schwannoma

A

vestibular part of vestibulocochlear nerve within temporal bone tumour

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15
Q

Are vestibular schwannomas sporadic or regimented

A

sporadic

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16
Q

Are scwannomas normally unilateral or bilateral

A

unilateral

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17
Q

if schwannomas occur bilaterally what condition should you consider

A

neurofibromatosis type 2

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18
Q

what are nasal polyps

A

masses raising from the mucous membrane. Overgrowth of mucosa

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19
Q

What conditions are associated with nasal polyps

A

allergy, allergic rhinitis, infection, asthma,

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20
Q

If a child is young with nasal polyps what should you consider

A

cystic fibrosis

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21
Q

what is rhinitis

A

inflammation of the mucous membrane in nose

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22
Q

what is granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

small vessel vasculitis limited to respiratory tract and kidneys

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23
Q

what ANCA do you see in granulomatosis with polyangiitis

A

cANCA

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24
Q

what is the most common malignant lesion

A

squamous cell carcinoma

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25
what is nasopharyngeal carcinoma
tumour of nasopharynx
26
what virus is strongly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
epstein barr virus
27
how do you develop laryngeal polyps
vocal abuse, smoking, infection
28
how do you differ between polyps and nodules
nodules in young women and bilateral whereas polyps are unilateral
29
what is squamous papilloma and papillomatosis
raising of papillae form surface
30
what are 2 peaks of incidence ofsquamous papillae or papillomatosis
31
what is related to papillomatosis
exposure to HPV
32
what is paraganglioma
non chromatin tumours arriving in clusters around nasopharynx , oral cavity, nose, larynx
33
is paraganglioma rare or common
rare
34
Where is a squamous cell carcinoma most likely to be found
head and neck
35
What are the following stages 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4a, 4b
1a- one vocal cord 1b- both vocal cords 2- extension into supra/subglottis 3- vocal cord, glottis and minor thyroid involvement 4a- thyroid cartilage, trachea, tongue muscles, strap muscles, thyroid and oesophagus 4b- pre vertebral space, mediastinal structure sand carotid artery
36
what is sialolithiasis
stones forming in the salivary glands
37
what is paramyxovirus
virus causing mumps, bilateral parotitis
38
what is the most common site for all tumours
parotid gland
39
what is pleomorphic adenoma
most common parotid tumour
40
what is Warthins tumour
second most benign tumour
41
What has a strong connection with WArthins tumour
smoking
42
What is the most common salivary tumour in UK
adenoid cystic
43
what is lined with columnar lined mucosa
middle ear
44
what is the nasal vestibule lined with
squamous
45
what is the nose and sinuses lined with
Schneiderian epithelium- pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium
46
what is the throat lined by?
respiratory and squamous epithelium
47
what kind of gland is salivary gland
exocrine
48
what are the 2 parts to a salivary gland
ductular and acinar
49
what do peripheral myopeithelial cells look like
flat or cuboidal
50
what is otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
51
how does one get otitis media?
viral
52
what is cholesteatoma
it isn't a tumour and doesn't contain cholesterol. Chronic otitis media and perforated tympanic membrane
53
What happens in cholesteatoma
abnormal lining of squamous epithelium with inflammation
54
What is vestibular schwannoma
vestibular part of vestibulocochlear nerve within temporal bone tumour
55
Are vestibular schwannomas sporadic or regimented
sporadic
56
Are scwannomas normally unilateral or bilateral
unilateral
57
if schwannomas occur bilaterally what condition should you consider
neurofibromatosis type 2
58
what are nasal polyps
masses raising from the mucous membrane. Overgrowth of mucosa
59
What conditions are associated with nasal polyps
allergy, allergic rhinitis, infection, asthma,
60
If a child is young with nasal polyps what should you consider
cystic fibrosis
61
what is rhinitis
inflammation of the mucous membrane in nose
62
what is granulomatosis with polyangiitis
small vessel vasculitis limited to respiratory tract and kidneys
63
what ANCA do you see in granulomatosis with polyangiitis
cANCA
64
what is the most common malignant lesion
squamous cell carcinoma
65
what is nasopharyngeal carcinoma
tumour of nasopharynx
66
what virus is strongly associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma
epstein barr virus
67
how do you develop laryngeal polyps
vocal abuse, smoking, infection
68
how do you differ between polyps and nodules
nodules in young women and bilateral whereas polyps are unilateral
69
what is squamous papilloma and papillomatosis
raising of papillae form surface
70
what are 2 peaks of incidence ofsquamous papillae or papillomatosis
71
what is related to papillomatosis
exposure to HPV
72
what is paraganglioma
non chromatin tumours arriving in clusters around nasopharynx , oral cavity, nose, larynx
73
is paraganglioma rare or common
rare
74
Where is a squamous cell carcinoma most likely to be found
head and neck
75
What are the following stages 1a, 1b, 2, 3, 4a, 4b
1a- one vocal cord 1b- both vocal cords 2- extension into supra/subglottis 3- vocal cord, glottis and minor thyroid involvement 4a- thyroid cartilage, trachea, tongue muscles, strap muscles, thyroid and oesophagus 4b- pre vertebral space, mediastinal structure sand carotid artery
76
what is sialolithiasis
stones forming in the salivary glands
77
what is paramyxovirus
virus causing mumps, bilateral parotitis
78
what is the most common site for all tumours
parotid gland
79
what is pleomorphic adenoma
most common parotid tumour
80
what is Warthins tumour
second most benign tumour
81
What has a strong connection with WArthins tumour
smoking
82
What is the most common salivary tumour in UK
adenoid cystic

ENT (16 decks)

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