Microbiology Flashcards
how do you diagnose a throat infection
throat swab
what would you give for a throat infection
NOT ANTIBIOTICS as usually viral
what is the most common throat infection
strep pyogenes
what is bacterial sore throat clinically called
acute follicular tonsillitis
how do you treat acute follicular tonsillitis
oral penicillin (clarithromycin if pen allergic)
what are complications of streptococcal sore throat
peritonsillar abscess, sinusitis/ ottis media and scarlet fever
what is quinsy
an abscess in tonsil region
what are late complications of streptococcal sore throat
rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis
What is diphtheria
severe sore throat with grey membrane across pharynx- neurotoxic and cardiotoxic
what is treatment for diptheria
vaccine, antitoxin/ supportive and penicillin
what causes thrush/ candida
endogenous, white patches on red mucous membrane
how do you treat candida
nystatin topically
what is acute otitis media
upper resp infection involving middle ear by extension of infection up the eustachian tube
what presents with acute otitis media
earache
what is the most common bacterial infection of middle ear
haemophilia influenza, strep pneumonia and strep pyogenes
how do you diagnose middle ear infeciton
swab of pus if perforated
what is treatment for acute otitis media
nothing, but if bad amoxicillin or clarithromycin
what is acute sinusitis
mild discomfort over sinuses due to congestion with viral URTI
what does severe pain nd tenderness with nasal discharge indicate?
secondary bacterial infection
in acute sinusitis where indicated, what should treatment be
nothing unless penicillin or doxycycline
what is otitis externa
inflammation of external ear
what are common causes of otitis externa
staph aureus, aspergillus niger
what would you use to treat a fungal infection of otitis externa
clotrimazole
what would you use for pseudomonas infection
gentamicin
how does glandular fever present
fever, enlarged lymph nodes, sore throat, pharyngitis and tonsilitis
what causes glandular fever
abstain barr virus, herpes
how do you treat glandular fever
bed rest, paracetamol, avoid sport, corticosteroids (sometimes)
Which type of herpes simplex virus causes oral lesions
type 1
which type of HSV is acquired during childhood
type 1
what age group get primary gingivostomatitis
pre school children
how do you treat gingivostomatitis
aciclovir
what is herpetic whitlow
occupational hazard of dentists and anesthetists
how do you prevent herpetic whitlow
use gloves
what causes herpangina
coxackie virus
what is hand foot and mouth caused by
coxackie virus
what is chancre
a painless ulcer
where is the most common site of syphilis
genital
what is the main symptom of syphilis
painless ulcer
