Pathology Flashcards
what is the most common benign bone tumour?
osteochondroma
what bone tumour produces a bony outgrowth with a cartilaginous cap?
oesteochondroma
an intramedullary and metaphysical cartilaginous tumour
enchondroma
an enchondroma is caused by
failure of normal enchondral ossification at the growth plate
single cavity benign fluid filled cyst is a bone is called?
a simple bone cyst
what does an aneurysmal bone cyst contain?
lots of chambers filled with blood or serum
simple bone cysts usually occur in the
physis
aneurysmal bone cysts usually occur in the
metaphyses
typical giant cell tumour appearance on an X-ray
soap bubble appearance
shepherds crook deformity is seen in ..
fibrous dysplasia
fibrous dysplasia is most common in what time of life
adolescence
describe osteoid osteoma
small nidus of immature bone surrounded by sclerotic halo, most common in adolescence
most common malignant bone tumour
osteosarcoma
most common sites for osteosarcoma
jaw, shoulder, hip, femur, knee
what is a chondrosarcoma
cartilage producing primary bone tumour
two types of fibrous malignant primary bone tumours which occur in abnormal bone
fibrosarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma
what is ewings sarcoma
tumour of the primitive cells in the marrow, second most common
what does removal of bone tumour require
removal with wife margins of 3-4cm and a cuff of normal muscle
what cancers of the lymphatic system can present as bone lesions
lymphoma and myeloma
what cancers are most likely to metastasise to bone?
breast, prostate, lung, renal cell, thyroid
what is a ganglion cyst?
occurs around a synovial joint
Describe AVN
ischaemic necrosis of bone, mainly in adults
sites prone to AVN
femoral head, femoral condyles, humerus head, capitellum, proximal pole of scaphoid and talus
