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D&T test 6 - endocrine, dermatology, MSK > Path: Skin 2 > Flashcards

Path: Skin 2 Flashcards

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Dermatology Board Prep flashcards
1
Q

Primary feature of spongiotic dermatitis and it’s histological appearance

A

intraepidermal edema

Intercellular bridges between keratinocytes are visisble (dt edema)

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2
Q

What is the clinical term for spongiotic dermatitis? and what does it look like? and what is the prototype

A

Eczematous dermatitis: Red, papulovesicular, oozing, crusting
prototype: poison ivy = contact dermatitis

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3
Q

Histo features of spongiotic/eczematous dermatitis (2)

A

intraepidermal vesicles (dt edema)

lymphocytes in dermis

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4
Q

What is pathogenesis of spongiotic/eczematous contact dermatitis?

A

Dendritic Langerhans cells present antigen to Tcells in LNs. Rexposure = T cell cytokine release

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5
Q

What is the most important feature of Psoriasiform Dermatitis

A

Epidermal acanthosis (thickening)

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6
Q

What are psoriasis sufferers at higher risk for (2)

A

CVD=occlusive vascular disease

psoriatic arthritis

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7
Q

CP of psoriasis (2)

A

salmon pink plaque with silver scale

pitted, yellow nails

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8
Q

Histological features of paoriasis (3)

A

parakeratosiswith neutrophils (monroe’s microabscesses)
thin S. granulosum
thick S. spinosum

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9
Q

What special “sign” is seen in psoriasis and why

A

Auspitz sign: pinpoint bleeding with scrapin go keratin bc papillary dermis is so close to surface

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10
Q

What is 1st line therapy for psoriasis

A

Vitamin D3 topical lotion =

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11
Q

What enzyme and function does Vitamin D3 topical lotion act on in psoriasis

A

it activates transglutaminase (an enzyme important to proper epidermal proliferation)

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12
Q

Key feature of interface dermatitis

A

damage to basal layer (Histo pattern is same in all of these, CP differs)

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13
Q

What are the 2 types of interface dermatits?

A

Perivascular inflammation with basal vacuolization

Lichenoid pattern

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14
Q

What is CP of Erythema multiforme

A

targetoid lesion (central necrosis)

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15
Q

What is erythema multiforme due to and what is the MC cause?

A

due to HSR

HSV = MC

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16
Q

What differentiates Erythema multiforme from Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (3),

A

diff: Skin sloughs off in SJS, Mucous mbs are involved in SJS, fever

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17
Q

Define: Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis

A

10-30% skin involvement in SJS denotes TEN-SJS

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18
Q

What is MC cause of SJS

A

drugs

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19
Q

Subactute Lupus erythematosis CP?(2)

A
  1. blanchable erythema

2. no systemic involvement

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20
Q

Chronic Lupus erythematosis (discoid Lupus) CP?(3)

A
  1. no systemic involvement
  2. hair loss
  3. plaques with hyper and hypo-pigmentation
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21
Q

Histology of Lupus eryhtematous

A

Mucin deposition

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22
Q

IF of Lupus erythematous (what is deposited (2) and where)

A

Ig and complement at D/E jct

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23
Q

CP of Lichen planus (mnemonic) (2)

A

“P’s” =
1. pruritic, purple, polygonal, planar papules,

  1. oral mucosal involvement is common
24
Q

What is the name and appearance of the oral involvement in Lichen planus

A

Wickham Striae (white lines)

25
Q

Histo hallmark of lichen planus

A

“sawtooth” basal layer with lymphocytes hugging the dermal-epidermal jct

26
Q

What are the 3 categories of Bullous dermatoses?

A

Subcorneal, suprabasal (above SB), or subepidermal

27
Q

Pathogenesis of Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

IgG antibodies target desmoglein 3 in desmosomes
(desmososmes hold epithelial cells together)

a type II HSR

28
Q

CP of Pemphigus Vulgaris (including hallmark) (2)

A

fragile bullae (blisters don’t hold very long = erosion looking)

hallmark = Oral Mucosal involvement- erythematous mucosa

29
Q

What “sign” is assc with Pemphigus Vulgaris and what is it

A

Nikolsky’s sign = separation of epidermis with q-tip

30
Q

Describe the microscopic appearance of Pemphigus Vulgaris blister (category)

A

suprabasilar blister with “tombstone” basal layer

31
Q

Pemphigus Vulgaris is unique for what cell type in epidermis?

A

Eosinophils in SS

32
Q

IF of Pemphigus Vulgaris:

A

IgG between keratinocytes (chicken wire or “fish-net” pattern

33
Q

Bullous Pemphigoid pathogenesis

A

AIDz: IgG antibodies against hemidesmosome proteins

34
Q

What do Hemidesmosomes bind?

A

epidermis to basement membrane

35
Q

Which Category of bullous dermatoses is Bullous Pemphigoid 9mnemonic)

A

Subepidermal Split (BUllous = “bullow” the epidermis

36
Q

gross difference between bullous Pemphigoid and Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

bullous Pemphigoid = durable blisters

37
Q

What micro feature does bullous Pemphigoid share with Pemphigus Vulgaris

A

Blister contains eosinophils

38
Q

IF of bullous pemphigoid

A

linear IgG along BM

39
Q

CP of dermatitis herpetiformis

A

Pruritic (super itchy), burning,

40
Q

What is dermatitis herpetiformis assc with

A

Associated with Celiac Disease -

41
Q

Pathogenesis of dermatitis herpetiformis

A

IgA antibodies against basement membrane anchoring fibrils

42
Q

tx for dermatitis herpetiformis

A

responds to gluten-free diet

43
Q

IF of dermatitis herpetiformis

A

IgA deposits at tips of dermal papillae

44
Q

What 3 things cause acne

A

1) Androgens
2) Propionibacterium acnes
Follicular obstruction, drugs, occlusion

45
Q

histo feature of dermatitis herpetiformis

A

neutrophilic abscesses

46
Q

What is, and what is the prototype of Panniculitis?

A

Inflammation of subQ fat

Prototype = erythema nodosum

47
Q

How does erythema nodosum present?

A

tender nodules on anteroir shins

48
Q

What is erythema nodosum assc with (4)

A

a) Infx: B-hemolytic strep
b) Drugs: OCPs, sulfonamides
3. Sarcoidosis
4. IBD

49
Q

What layer do dermatophytes infect (be specific)

A

keratin layer (stratum corneum)

50
Q

What is seen in hosto of dermatophyte (2)

A

hyphae and neutros in keratin

51
Q

Molluscum contagiosum gross appearance

A

Dome-shaped papule with central crater

52
Q

What are Molluscum bodies: and where?

A

pink cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in upper epidermis

53
Q

Impetigo CP:

A

“honey-colored crusts”

54
Q

impetigo 2 causes (and MC)

A

Staphylococcus (MC) or Streptococcus

55
Q

Histo of impetigo (type of infiltrate)

A

Subcorneal pustule (neutrophil infiltrate) - inflamed infectious blister

56
Q

which HSV causes oral and which genital

A 
HSV-1 = oral
HSV-2 = genital
57
Q

4 M’s of herpes:

A

1) Multinucleation
2) Megaly - big cells
3) Margination- chromatin around edge of nuclei
4) Moulding- two cells together

D&T test 6 - endocrine, dermatology, MSK (22 decks)

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