Hemorrhagic fever viruses Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 3 bunyaviruses

A

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Rift Valley Fever Virus
Hantavirus

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2
Q

2 Arean viruses?

A

Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-LCMV

Lassa Fever

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3
Q

How are Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Rift Valley Fever Virus (2)
Hantavirus transmitted

A

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever = tick bite
Rift Valley Fever Virus = mosquito/handling livestock
Hanta = rodent feces/urine

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4
Q

What is CFR of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
Rift Valley Fever Virus
Hantavirus

A

Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever = 30%
Rift Valley Fever Virus = 1%
Hantavirus = 36%

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5
Q

what 2 diseases does Hanta virus cause and which is Europe/asia and which is Americas?

A

North and South America: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome.

Europe/Asia: Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS)

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6
Q

which is more deadly (and CFR): Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) or Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS)?

A

Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) = 36% CFR (america)

Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome (HFRS) = 1% CFR

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7
Q

How is Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-LCMV transmited?

A

Urine, feces, saliva, blood or bite of wild mouse or pet mouse, hamster, or guinea pig

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8
Q

main reservoir of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus-LCMV

A

house mice

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9
Q

2 main diseases associated with LCMV and what 2populations of people have the most serious outcomes with infection

A

□ meningitis, encephalitis
Very fatal in transplant recipients
infx in 1st trimester = miscarriage, later = birth defects

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10
Q

main disease with Lassa virus and about how many actually develop the serious complications

A

Lassa fever

20% get serious conditions

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11
Q

what 2 pops have the most serious complications with Lassa infections?

A

□ Pregnant women = 80% mortality if infected in third trimester
® Fetal loss is 80-90% in all stages of pregnancy.
Lassa is fatal for neonates.

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12
Q

What antiviral is used to treat all arenaviruses?

A

Ribavarin

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13
Q

when in Lassa infections is Ribavarin most effective?

A

Best if given within 6 days of infection

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14
Q

What is the reservoir and the most probable means of spread of Ebola/Marburg virus to humans?

A

□ Reservoir = bat

Other animals like non-human primates can become infected and spread the disease to humans.

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15
Q

when does Ebola pt becom ein fectious

A

once a fever develops: 2 to 21 days after exposure.

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16
Q

When are The highest levels of Ebola virus present?

A

at the end of life!

17
Q

3 Common Sequelae of EBOV

A

□ Musculoskeletal pain
□ Ocular-cataracts, retinal and optic nerve disease, uveitis
-Neurological-Headache, memory impairment, peripheral neuropathy, tremors

18
Q

7 sx of Ebola infx

A
Fever
Fatigue
Muscle pain 
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Abdominal pain or unexplained hemorrhage