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Endocrine > Path PTH > Flashcards

Path PTH Flashcards

List the causes of hyperparathyroidism and hypoparatyroidism List the symptoms of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia Be able to interpret parathyroid hormone levels and describe what they mean for the patient

1
Q

PTH actions in the body

A

increase renal tubular resbsorption of calcium
increase in urinary phosphate excretion
increase conversion of Vit D to active form - augmenting GI Ca absorption
inhancement of osteoclastic

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2
Q

most common cause of hyperparathyroidism

A

adenoma

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3
Q

syndromes causing hyperparathyroidism

A

MEN1/2

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4
Q

caused by inactivating mutations in the Ca sensing receptor gene on PT cells

A

familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia

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5
Q

gene mutations in PT tumors

A

Cyclin D1 inversion, MEN1

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6
Q

common clinical finding of PT adenoma

A

adenoma in one glad, shrinkage of other glands

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7
Q

type of cell in PT adenoma

A

chief cell

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8
Q

multiglandular hyperparathyroid process

A

parathyroid hyperplasia

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9
Q

gray-white irregular masses

A

PT carcinoma

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10
Q

water-clear cell hyperplasia

A

parathyroid hyperplasia

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11
Q

definitve criteria of PT carcinoma

A

invasion of surrounding tissues

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12
Q

grossly thinned bone cortex, fibrous tissue in marrow, with foci of hemmorrage and cysts

A

osteitis fibrosa systic

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13
Q

agreggates of osteoclasts, reactive giant cells, looks like neoplasms

A

brown tumors of hyperPTism

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14
Q

other systemic issues in hyperPTism

A

urinary tract stones, calicification of renal intersistim and tubles, CV and other organ califications

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15
Q

sign of PTH hyperfunction

A

high Ca, and High PTH

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16
Q

painful bones, renal stones, abominal groans, psychic moans

A

primaryhyperPTHism

17
Q

most common cause of secondary hyperPTism

A

renal failure

18
Q

depresses serum calcium levels

A

hyperphoshatemia

19
Q

how kidneys cause 2ndary hyperPTHism

A

decreased phostpage excretion and inability to sythesize active Vitamin D

Both lead to low serum calcium - leading to hyper PTHism

20
Q

increased chief cells, few fat cells, and metastatic calcification

A

2ndary PTHism

21
Q

ischemic damage to skin and organs from metastatric calcification

A

calciphylaxis

22
Q

treatment for thertiary hyperPTHism

A

PTHectomy

23
Q

most important cause of symptomatic hypercalcimia

A

malignancy

24
Q

malignancies that can cause high calcium

A

mets to bone or PTH tumor

25
Q

syndrome with congenital PTH absence

A

Di George

26
Q

thymic displaysia, PTH absence and cardiac defects

A

Di George

27
Q

Di George deletion

A

22q11

28
Q

autoimmune hypoPTHism

A

hereidetary polyglandular decifiency

29
Q

sx of low calicum

A

tingling, muscle spasms, facial grimicing, tetany, arrythmias, ICP and seizures

Endocrine (13 decks)

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