Endocrine

Classify the endocrine disorders associated with pituitary gland and describe their clinicopathologic features Explain the signs, symptoms, prognostic implications and classification of pituitary neoplasms. Describe the major endocrine syndromes associated with pituitary gland

1. Classify agents based upon whether they are used for replacement therapy, supra-physiological dosing, to control or modify excess endogenous secretions, or for diagnostic purposes. 2. List the prototype drugs having gonadotropin releasing activity, describe their mechanism of action and list their major side effects and clinical uses. 3. List the prototype drugs having FSH and/or LH activity, describe their mechanism of action and list their major side effects and clinical uses. 4. Describ

1. Describe the synthesis and release of thyroid hormone and describe the relationship between T3 and T4 in terms of production, potency, protein binding, and metabolism. 2. Describe the rationale for the approaches used in the pharmacological treatment of hyperthyroidism. 3. List the prototype oral drugs used to treat hyperthyroidism, describe their mechanism of action and list their major side effects and clinical uses. 4. Explain the source and function of circulating iodide and its dual a

Describe the clinicopathologic features of the inflammatory thyroid disorders (acute, granulomatous, Hashimoto, lymphocytic, Reidel thyroiditis) Compare and contrast the causes of thyroid enlargement (goiter) Compare and contrast the clinicopathologic features of the most common tumors of the thyroid (papillary, follicular, medullary and anaplastic) Describe the pathologic causes and clinical findings in Graves Disease

List the causes of hyperparathyroidism and hypoparatyroidism List the symptoms of hypercalcemia and hypocalcemia Be able to interpret parathyroid hormone levels and describe what they mean for the patient

1. Identify the symptoms of both over- and under-production of adrenocorticoides and be able to describe the regulatory mechanisms of adrenocorticoid production. 2. List the prototype short- to medium-acting glucocorticoids, describe their clinical use, and list their major adverse effects. 3. List the prototype intermediate-acting glucocorticoids, describe their clinical use, and list their major adverse effects. 4. List the prototype long-acting glucocorticoids, describe their clinical use,

PH-1) Describe the steps and organ systems that participate in activating Vitamin D, and the therapeutic indications for Vitamin D. (PH-2) List the prototype anti-resorptive drugs (‘dronates’, SERM, calcitonin), describe their mechanism of action, list their clinical uses, and significant adverse effects. (PH-3) Describe the mechanism of action of teriparatide (hPTH(1-34)) , list its clinical uses, and its significant adverse effects. (PH-4) Describe the mechanism of action of cinacalcet , li