Path 17-18 GI and Liver Flashcards
Duodenal atresia cause
Failure to recanalize
Duodenal atresia sx
Bilious vomit and abd distension
Pyloric stenosis presentation
Palapable mass, nonbilious vomit at 2-6 weeks
Eosiniphilic esophagitis cause
Food allergens
Plummer vinson syndrome
DIES
Dysphagia, iron deficiency, esophageal webs, squamous cell carcinoma
Barret esophagus caused by
GERG
Barret esophagus pathology
Intestinal metaplasia replaces squamous epithelium
Esophageal cancer: portions affected
Squamous: Top 2/3
Adenocarcinoma: Bottom 1/3
NSAID gastritis how
decreased PGE2 means leads to lower gastric mucosa protection
Cushing ulcer pathogenesis
Vagal stim —> ACh increases —> H+ increases
Autoimmune gastritis caused by
Autoantibodies to H+/K+ ATPase on parietal cells
H pylori vs autoimmune gastritis location
H pylori antrum
Autoimmune body and fundus
Menetier disease pathology
Hyperplasia of gastric mucosa make rugae
Decreased acid production
Edema and other GI sx
Gastric adenocarcinoma outward signs
Virchow node, sister mary joseph node
Acanthosis nigricans
Celiac disease findings
IgA antitissue transglutaminase
Crypt hyperplasia
Gliadin peptide antibodies
Villious atrophy
Tropical sprue caused by
Infection. Infectious celiac. Pathogen unk
Whipple disease cause
Tropheryma whilpplei cause
Whipple disease histo and sx
PAS+ foamy macrophages
Cardiac, Arthralgia, Neuro sx
PAS FOAMY WHIPPED CAN
Chrons location
Ususally colon, spares rectum
Skip lesions
Ulcerative colitis location
Whole colon, continous
Chrons morphology
Fistulas, cobblestone mucosa, string sign on barium swallow, linear fissures
Chron disease histo
Non caseating granulomas and lymphoid aggregates
Ulcerative colitis location
Only affects mucosa and submucosa
LEAD PIPE appearance (no haustra)
Ulcerative colitis histo
Crypt absecess and bleeding
Chrons vs UC disease mediated by
Chrons Th1
UC Th2
UC vs Chrons: bloody diahreah?
UC: bloody
Chrons: sometimes bloody
Ulcerative colitis associated antibodies
p-ANCA
Toxic megacolon seen with (chrons/UC)
Ulcerative colitis
McBurney point location
1/3 distance from ASIS to ubilicus
Diverticulosis pathology
MAny false diverticula in colon
Diverticulitis presentation
LLQ pain, fever, leukocytosis
Meckel vs false diverticulum
Meckel: all layers
False: only mucosa and submucosa
Zenker diverticulum pathology
False diverticulum at Killian triangle
Hirshprung dx pathogenesis
Congenital lack of nervous plexus in distal colon leads to toxic megacolon
Hirschprung disease embryo cause
Failure of neural crest cell migration
Hirschprung disease gene abnormality
RET
Volvulus xray appreance
Coffee been sign
Intussuseption sx
PAin, bloody red jelly stool
Most common small bowel obstruction
Adhesion s/p surgery
Hamartoma polyps associated with
Peutz-Jeghers syndrome
Adenomatous polyp histo
Tubular or Villous
Villous more cancerous
Adenomatous polyps gene
APC KRAS
Familial denomaptous polyposis gene
Autosomal domminant APC tumor suppression gene