Past paper questions Flashcards
Two reasons why women of child bearing age are at risk of anaemia
This is because during menstruation they lose blood and therefore iron is lost through this blood loss
Their requirements are higher than men of the same age and could also become deficient
Why might drinking a glass of orange juice with fortified breakfast cereal be beneficial?
Orange juice contains vitamin C and fortified breakfast cereal will contain iron and therefore vitamin C will help with the absorption of this iron
2 consequences of an inadequate intake of iron for school aged children:
May lead to iron deficient anaemia. This common in children and some of the symptoms are headache, pale and a lack of concentration and can result in severe fatigue and this will effect them at school and interfere with their learning
A range of factors that can affect the bioavailability of iron in the body:
Phytates Oxalates Deficiency of vitamin C Excess iron may affect other mineral absorption Non-haem - less readily absorbed
2 factors that inhibit the absorption of iron:
Phytates and calcium as they bind to non haem iron in the intestine reducing absorption
Why is selenium important in the diet of an older man?
It improves motility of the sperm and will help to improve fertility
It also helps in the protection of prostate cancer and rectal cancers
The main functions of the mineral iodine:
An essential component of the thyroid hormone which are vital regulators of metabolic rate and mental and physical development
Essential for brain development in babies and oxidation of nutrients
Explain the role of fluorine:
Important for the mineralisation of bones and teeth and helps with the prevention of dental caries/ cavities
Possible benefits of reducing sodium in the diet of an older person:
It will decrease risk of high blood pressure or hypertension
It will also decrease risk of CVD or possible obesity
It can help reduce risks of damage to your kidneys as they may be harmed if there is an excess of sodium present.
It will decrease risk of fluid retention which is known as oedema
Effects of deficiency in sodium:
Deficiency may occur due to excessive sweating, severe diarrhoea, renal failure, diuretic drugs and sometimes Addisons disease (failure to produce aldosterone which effects kidneys inability to store sodium)
Leads to - muscular fatigue, vertigo, nausea, mental apathy, reduced appetite
An excess in sodium leads to:
An increased risk of hypertension, stroke, CVD.
Also may lead to kidney abnormalities
Harmful to babies kidneys as they are not able to excrete excess sodium.
Explain the role of potassium in the body:
Essential for water and electrolyte balance Promotes loss of sodium in urine Decreases blood pressure Protects Cardiovascular health Normal functioning of cells and nerves
