Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Nutrition and Food Science > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Gourmet Food flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are carbohydrates split into?

A

Starchy foods

Sugary foods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the two main types of carbohydrate?

A

Complex

Simple

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are sugars split into?

A

Intrinsic

Extrinsic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are intrinsic sugars?

A

Sugars contained in the cell wall
Unprocessed foods
Have no adverse effect on health
e.g. fruit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are extrinsic sugars?

A

Sugars not contained in the cell wall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are extrinsic sugars split into?

A

Free sugars and milk sugars

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are free sugars?

A

Sugars that have been added to foods
Have an adverse effect on health
Will lead to health problems such as:
Obesity, diabetes, tooth decay

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are milk sugars?

A

Sugars found naturally in dairy products
Have no adverse effect on health
e.g. Milk, yogurt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the functions of carbohydrates?

A 
Energy 
Protein sparing 
Storage 
Dietary Fibre
Synthesis of glycoprotein
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How is energy a function of carbohydrates?

A

Carbohydrates are the most efficient source of energy

1g = 4kcal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How is storage a function of carbohydrate?

A

Glycogen is formed and stored in the liver as a readily available source of energy
Excess can be converted into fat and stored in the adipose tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How is protein sparing a function of carbohydrate?

A

You keep your protein for growth, repair and maintenance of the body and use carbohydrates as your main source of energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How is synthesis of glycoprotein a function of carbohydrate?

A

Glycoproteins = proteins that have sugar attached to them
Helps the immune, digestive and reproductive systems
components of cellular membranes, blood & plasma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How is dietary fibre a function of carbohydrate?

A

‘Unavailable carbohydrates’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is fibre split into?

A

Soluble

Insoluble

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is soluble fibre?

A

Slows down release of glucose - lowers symptoms of diabetes
Lowers LDL cholesterol
Stops us feeling hungry

17
Q

What is insoluble fibre?

A

Binds water in the intestine,
increases bulk of faeces
Prevents constipation
Prevents bowel disorders

18
Q

What are empty calories?

A

Food that provides you with only calories (energy) and no other nutrients

19
Q

What does palatability mean?

A

Related to taste or mouth feel

20
Q

Can sugar make you overweight?

A

Small amounts will not make you obese.

High sugar diet may mean excess weight if calorie intake is higher than needed

21
Q

What is the main cause of dental caries/ tooth decay?

A

Due to frequent snacking

22
Q

Tooth decay is also due to:

A

Concentration of the sugar
The period of contact your tooth had with sugar
Age - tooth decay occurs quickly in children and reaches the nerve quicker

23
Q

How does tooth decay occur?

A

Bacteria builds up on the surface of your teeth. If saliva does not neutralise the acid then it will attack the tooth. It will lead to the enamel eroding and will lead to the demineralisation of your tooth resulting in tooth decay/ caries

24
Q

What are some factors that help prevent tooth decay?

A

Drink milk and have milk products
Encourage drinking water
Fluoride supplementation for the mineralisation of teeth
Check food labels carefully

25
Q

What type of sugar is linked closely to tooth decay?

A

Free sugars

26
Q

What type of sugar is the main offender?

A

Sucrose

27
Q

What are low GI foods?

A

Absorbed more slowly
Regulates blood sugar levels
helps to control post-meals highs and lows
Can prevent diabetes, CVD and obesity

28
Q

What are high GI foods?

A

Absorbed more quickly
blood glucose rises sharply causes spikes in blood sugar levels
Links between obesity and CVD

29
Q

What does the term glycaemic loading mean?

A

It measures the amount of carbohydrates in each serving of food

30
Q

Explain the link of GI and diabetes:

A

Low GI may help to control blood glucose levels for people who suffer diabetes
Can help reduce the risk of heart and kidney problems

31
Q

Are Low GI foods good for weight loss?

A

They can help manage your weight
Usually low in calories but some foods will have a high calorie content and will not be a good choice.
It does not mean that eating a diet of low GI foods will help you lose weight it just helps you manage it by making you feel fuller for longer

Nutrition and Food Science (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions