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Nutrition 2020 > Past A > Flashcards

Past A Flashcards

1
Q

Full-fat soya treatment is done by:

A

Uni-pro soya

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2
Q

What does a complete premix contain?

A

Vitamins, Micro-elements, Macro-elements

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3
Q

What is the protein content of cereals (corn, wheat, barley, oat, rye)?

A

10-15% Low

Crude protein (80-95% of this is true protein

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4
Q

What happens when lignin content increases?

A

Digestibility decrease and feed intake increases

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5
Q

What can lectins cause?

A

They adhere to the mucous membrane of the intestine and damage the absorption (Ca2+)

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6
Q

What is the highest dose of carbamide (urea) a cow can eat?

A

20-30g / 100kg BW/day

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7
Q

What does feed intolerance mean?

A

A reproducible, unpleasant reaction to a specific ingredient, which is biochemically or physiologically based.
e.g. Lactase deficiency causes lactose intolerance

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8
Q

What is the result of Vitamin C deficiency in fish?

A

Scoliosis, Lordosis (both spinal deformities)

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9
Q

In investigation of feedstuff, you can detect feather meals and fish meals, what are these?

A

Feather meal - Cooking, grinding and drying of poultry feathers.

Fish meal - Preparation of the raw materials: whole sea fishes and fish wastes

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10
Q

What are the anti-nutritive factors of Vicia faba (horse bean)?

A

Tannin
Lupinin
Spartein

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11
Q

How much Dry Matter content is there in fresh pasture grass?

A

20 – 30%

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12
Q

What is the anti-nutritive factor in alfalfa?

A

Saponin

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13
Q

What is the Discount Factor of corn silage?

A
  1. 053 = 5.3%

i. e. If the feeding level is increased by 1 unit; the digestibility decreases with 5.3%

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14
Q

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Beef Cattle?

A

Metabolic BW + Net Energy

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15
Q

Name the cereal grains:

A
  • Corn/maize
  • Wheat
  • Barley
  • Oat
  • Rye
  • Millet
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16
Q

What can lectinins cause?

A

Difficulty in Ca2+ absorption

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17
Q

In which species has nutrition a role in ovulation?

A

Sheep. The status of the ova changes with change in energy.

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18
Q

Used as silage additive:

A. Cereal grains
B.Molasses
C.Organic acids
D.All of them

A

D. All of them

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19
Q

What are molasses a good source of?

A

Energy and S

Source of Potassium, Cobalt, it is also a silage additive and a pellet binder

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20
Q

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Chicken?

A

Temp + egg production

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21
Q

The Discount Factor of corn silage is 0.053. It means:

A

The digestibility of the corn silage will decrease by 5.3%

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22
Q

What is the average Discount Factor?

A

0.04 = 4%

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23
Q

Which are used as a liquid protein source?

A. Molasses
B. Propylene glycol
C.Both
D.Neither

A

D.Neither

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24
Q

What is the principle of silage making?

A

Anaerobe fermentation; with lactic acid production

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25
Q

Which amino acid is most sensitive to the over-heating of feed?

A

Lysine

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26
Q

What is the effect of induced mutation?

A

There is an increase in essential amino acid production.

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27
Q

What is the meaning of Bulky Feed?

A

Big volume with low Dry Matter content

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28
Q

What kind of feed is the roughage?

A

Bulky feed
The indigestible portion of plant foods that pushes food through the digestive system; absorbing water and easing defecation

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29
Q

How big is the CF content of roughage?

A

~ 18%

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30
Q

What is the source of gossypol?

A

Cottonseed, field bean

Gossypol is an anti-nutritive to vitamin E

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31
Q

How should the requirements be saturated during the first lactation of Dairy Cow?

A

The requirements should be increased by 20%

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32
Q

If by-pass category in feedstuff is small:

A

Most nitrogen of the feedstuff will be degraded in the rumen

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33
Q

How do we sterilize lab feed?

A

Gamma irradiation

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34
Q

What is the consequence of fiber deficiency?

A

Digestion problems

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35
Q

What can be the cause of eye cataracts?

A

Excessive amount of fish meal / bad fish meal; which causes an increased cholesterol

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36
Q

How should motherless rabbits be fed?

A

Freeze-dried colostrum with additional vitamins, bacteria, and enzymes

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37
Q

In which of the following substances is the energy value 5MJ/kg?

A.Straw
B.Weed
C.Silage
D.Molasses

A

Straw

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38
Q

What is the Ca:P ratio in pasture grass?

A

1:10

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39
Q 
Which one is a feeding standard?
A. RBS
B.NRC
C.RSL
D.NRK
A

B.NRC!

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40
Q

Which factors decrease digestibility of proteins?

A

Crude Fiber
Age
Anti-nutritive substance

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41
Q

Its main biological function is contribution in active CO2 transport in FA synthesis and GNG:

A

Biotin

42
Q

One of the deficiency syndromes is coma in calves fed an milk replacer lacking …….

A

K

43
Q

Give the vitamin which displays the main action in the protein and amino acid metabolism:

A

Vitamin B6

44
Q

It can decrease the incident of tumour cells:

A

Vitamin B12

45
Q

Status of supply can be evaluated based on Gluthathione reductase in RBCs:

A

Niacin

46
Q

One of its deficiency syndromes is the ascending dermatitis in poultry:

A

Panthothenic acid

47
Q

Should you calculate with the excretion content in the urine?

A

No, only calculate with the excreted content of the faeces.

48
Q

Vitamin responsable for keratinization of mouth:

A

Vitamin A

49
Q

Deficiency of which vitamin causes problems in heart/ skeletal muscle in calf and lamb

A

Vitamin E

50
Q

Optimal N:S ratio in dairy cattle, beef cattle and sheep:

A

Dairy Cattle:10:1
Beef Cattle:15:1
Sheep :7:1

51
Q

Biotin deficiency in foxes is caused by:

A

Raw eggs (avidin) and rancid slaughter leftovers

52
Q

What kind of deficiency causes anaemia?

A

Vitamin K, Fe, B12, Cu, Folic acid deficiency

53
Q

Vitamin E deficiency can lead to:

A

Zenker’s syndrome

54
Q

What will happen during vitamin D hypervitaminosis (x100)?

A

Calcification of aorta and kidney. Abortion/Stillbirth

55
Q

What kind of feed has the highest by-pass character?

A

Blood meal

56
Q

How do we measure presence/amount of trypsin inhibition in food?

A

Trypsin-urease reaction

57
Q

What is the protein content in: cereal

A

10-15%

58
Q

What is the protein content in: Rapeseed

A

37%

59
Q

What is the protein content in: Soybean

A

45%

60
Q

What is the protein content in:Fish meal

A

65%

61
Q

What is the protein content in:Blood meal

A

92%

62
Q

How is extracted soybean meal obtained?

A

Autoclaving, extrusion, enzymes…

63
Q

What is the character of a potato?

A

Bulky and concentrated

64
Q

What is the character of hay?

A

Bulky and non-concentrated

65
Q

What is the character of grains?

A

Non-bulky and concentrated

66
Q

What is the effect of plant fibers on digestibility?

A

Decreases it

67
Q

What is grinded wheat good for?

A

Monogastric animals–>Decreased concentration alimentary energy

68
Q

These are feeds which are marked with the message ‘Beneficial effect on health without residue building’. Give an example:

A

Nutraceuticals –>Amino acids, vitamin, and mineral supplements, fish, oil, garlic, ginseng.

69
Q

For this animal, its roughage requirement is at least 0.5kg/100kg BW:

A

horse

70
Q

Extracted oilseed meals contain approximately how much CP?

A

35-50%

Soybean - ~45%

71
Q

Could milk be described as bulky with low DM content?

A

Yes

72
Q

What are the possible methods for heat treatment?

A 
Hydro-thermic (autoclaving, flaking, wet extrusion, wet expandation, toasting)
Dry thermic (air, pulverization, direct drying, dry extrusion, dry expandation, micronasation, cooking via microwave, roasting)
73
Q

Some dog breeds accumulate:

A

Cu

74
Q

Cholecalciferol and Ergocalciferol are other names for:

A

Vitamin D

75
Q

What is Ghrelin?

A

Ghrelin–>Hormone in stomach. Increases appetite. Secreted in epithelial cells lining the fundus of stomach.

76
Q

How is the DM intake approaching formula calculated in the case of Dairy Cows?

A

Metabolic BW + Fat corrected milk production

77
Q

Acidifiers are

A

Nutrient modifiers
metabolic modifiers
gut flora modifiers

78
Q

Where is leptin produced?

A

Ovaries, hypothalamus, Adipocytes (brown adipose tissue), placenta

79
Q

Von Soest method:

A

Cellulose = ADF – ADL

80
Q

What is UFP?

A

Potential of urea to be fermented in the rumen based on energy level.

81
Q

Sex ratio:

A

Mn

82
Q

Curled toe disease (which vitamin def)

A

Vitamin B2

83
Q

Deficiency causing papillo-odema:

A

Vitamin A

84
Q

One of its toxicity syndromes is exostosis on cervical vertebrae in cats:

A

Vitamin A

85
Q

One of its deficiency syndromes is the disturbed conception of heifers and cows:

A

Niacin

86
Q

One of the deficiency syndromes of pathothenic acid:

A

Poultry ‘cage-layer fatigue’

87
Q

One of its deficiency syndromes in poultry in encephelomalacia:

A

Vitamin E

88
Q

What is the protein requirement of pig?

A

33%

89
Q

What is the energy protein content measurement unit in different species?

A

DE - Horse, Pigs, Rabbit
ME - Poultry
NE - Cattle, Sheep

90
Q

What is the consequence of animal-derived feed?

A 
BSE, 
MFD, 
Swine fever, 
salmonellosis, 
camplobacterios, 
listeriosis, 
E. coli - Hence prohibited for food-producing animals
91
Q

What is a good pH for silage?

A

4 – 4.2

92
Q

Continuous grazing is less effective than:

A.Rotational grazing
B.Strip grazing
C. Both
D.Neither

A

C. Both

93
Q

Liberation of ammonia during heat processing of feeds indicates that there are:

A

Reactions between protein molecules

94
Q

If the quality of corn silage is good, it contains this acid:

A

Lactic acid

95
Q

Its crude fiber content is usually higher than 20% in:

A.Meadow
B.Alfalfa hay
C.Both
D.Neither

A

Both of them

96
Q

The Substitution Number (SN) of corn is 0.3. it means, that by adding 1kg DM of corn to the forage, the DM intake from the forage is:

A

Decreases by 0.3kg

97
Q

Its Crude Protein content is between 20 and 30% on DM basis:

A

Green alfalfa

98
Q

If the by-pass category of a feedstuff is low, it means most of its protein content:

A

Will be degraded in the rumen

99
Q

Its protein requirement in the practice may be expressed in crude protein:

A

Laying duck

100
Q

By increasing the lignin content of the feeds:

A

The feed intake decreases

Nutrition 2020 (11 decks)

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