PassMed Errors Flashcards
What caution should be exercised with ACE Inhibitor Treatment initiation?
An increase in serum creatinine up to 30% from baseline is acceptable when initiating ACE inhibitor treatment.
How is Diabetes of a Diabetic Patient with ACS managed? (2)
- Stop Metformin and Gliclazide.
2. Start IV Insulin Infusion.
How is Stroke managed in an AF patient? (2)
- Aspirin Daily.
2. Start anticoagulation after 2 weeks.
What is Trifascicular Block? (3)
- RBBB.
- 1st Degree HB.
- Left Anterior/Posterior Hemiblock.
Mechanism of Action of Loop Diuretics.
Inhibits the Na-K-Cl Co-Transporter in the Thick Ascending Limb of the Loop of Henle.
What medications should be avoided in HOCM?
ACE Inhibitors.
What hypertensive medications are avoided in Gout?
Thiazide/Thiazide-Like Diuretics.
What electrolyte imbalance is associated with ACE Inhibitors?
Hyperkalaemia.
Give an important cause of Torsades de pointes.
Sub-Arachnoid Haemorrhage.
Adverse Effect of Loop Diuretics (2).
- Ototoxicity.
2. Hypocalcaemia.
What should electrical cardioversion be synced to?
The R Wave of the QRS Complex to minimise the risk of ventricular fibrillation.
What symptomatic medication (out of MONAC) is contraindicated in hypotension + ACS?
GTN - further lowers BP.
Adverse Effects of B-Blockers (3).
- Cold Peripheries.
- Sexual Dysfunction.
- Insomnia.
Adverse Effect of Amiodarone.
- Slate-Grey Appearance.
2. Abnormal TFTs.
Contraindications of Adenosine (3).
- Asthma.
- COPD.
- Decompensated Heart Failure.
* Use Verapamil in SVT if Contraindicated.
What JVP Waveform is associated with Atrial Fibrillation?
What JVP Waveform is associated with Atrial Contraction against a Closed Tricuspid Valve?
What JVP Waveform is associated with Passive Filling of the Ventricle?
Absent A-Wave.
Cannon A-Wave.
Tricuspid Regurgitation.
ALS Important Consideration in Hypothermia.
In cases of hypothermia causing cardiac arrest, defibrillation is less effective and only 3 shocks should be administered before the patient is rewarmed to 30 degrees centigrade.
What type of pulse is left-sided heart failure most associated with?
Pulsus Alternans - Alternating Strong and Weak Pulse.
Adverse Effect of Nicorandil.
GI Tract Ulcers.
Adverse Effects of GTN (3).
- Hypotension.
- Bradycardia.
- Headache.
What is Wellen’s Syndrome?
An ECG Pattern caused by high-grade (critical) stenosis of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery.
ECG Features of Wellen’s Syndrome (3).
- Biphasic/Deep T Wave Inversion in V2 and V3.
- Minimal ST Elevation.
- No Q Waves.
Adverse Effect of Ivabradine.
Visual Disturbances e.g. Phosphenes and Green Luminescence.
