Passive forms Flashcards
Give me the passive form of ‘to kick’
Standard: 차다
Passive: 차이다
Rule: Attach -이- when the verb stem ends in a vowel.
Active: 그는 공을 찼다 (He kicked the ball).
Passive: 공이 차였다 (The ball was kicked).
Give me the passive form of ‘to eat’
Standard: 먹다
Passive: 먹히다
Rule: Attach -히- when the verb stem ends in ㄱ, ㄷ, ㅂ, ㅅ.
Active: 그는 사과를 먹었다 (He ate the apple).
Passive: 사과가 먹혔다 (The apple was eaten).
Give me the passive form of ‘to open’
Standard: 열다
Passive: 열리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 문을 열었다 (He opened the door).
Passive: 문이 열렸다 (The door was opened).
Give me the passive form of ‘to break’
Standard: 깨다
Passive: 깨지다
Rule: Attach -지- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 유리를 깼다 (He broke the glass).
Passive: 유리가 깨졌다 (The glass was broken).
Give me the passive form of ‘to build’
Standard: 짓다
Passive: 지어지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 집을 지었다 (He built the house).
Passive: 집이 지어졌다 (The house was built).
Give me the passive form of ‘to teach’
Standard: 가르치다
Passive: 가르쳐지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 학생들을 가르쳤다 (He taught the students).
Passive: 학생들이 가르쳐졌다 (The students were taught).
Give me the passive form of ‘to show’
Standard: 보이다
Passive: 보이다
Rule: No change; 보이다 is both active and passive.
Active: 그는 나에게 그림을 보였다 (He showed me the picture).
Passive: 그림이 보였다 (The picture was shown).
Give me the passive form of ‘to sell’
Standard: 팔다
Passive: 팔리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 차를 팔았다 (He sold the car).
Passive: 차가 팔렸다 (The car was sold).
Give me the passive form of ‘to see’
Standard: 보다
Passive: 보이다
Rule: Attach -이- when the verb stem ends in a vowel.
Active: 그는 영화를 봤다 (He saw the movie).
Passive: 영화가 보였다 (The movie was seen).
Give me the passive form of ‘to write’
Standard: 쓰다
Passive: 써지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 편지를 썼다 (He wrote the letter).
Passive: 편지가 써졌다 (The letter was written).
Give me the passive form of ‘to find’
Standard: 찾다
Passive: 찾아지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 열쇠를 찾았다 (He found the keys).
Passive: 열쇠가 찾아졌다 (The keys were found).
Give me the passive form of ‘to call’
Standard: 부르다
Passive: 불리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 나를 불렀다 (He called me).
Passive: 나는 불렸다 (I was called).
Give me the passive form of ‘to send’
Standard: 보내다
Passive: 보내지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 편지를 보냈다 (He sent the letter).
Passive: 편지가 보내졌다 (The letter was sent).
Give me the passive form of ‘to wear’
Standard: 입다
Passive: 입히다
Rule: Attach -히- when the verb stem ends in ㅂ.
Active: 그는 옷을 입었다 (He wore the clothes).
Passive: 옷이 입혔다 (The clothes were worn).
Give me the passive form of ‘to hang’
Standard: 걸다
Passive: 걸리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 그림을 걸었다 (He hung the picture).
Passive: 그림이 걸렸다 (The picture was hung).
Give me the passive form of ‘to push’
Standard: 밀다
Passive: 밀리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 문을 밀었다 (He pushed the door).
Passive: 문이 밀렸다 (The door was pushed).
Give me the passive form of ‘to hear’
Standard: 듣다
Passive: 들리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 소리를 들었다 (He heard the sound).
Passive: 소리가 들렸다 (The sound was heard).
Give me the passive form of ‘to read’
Standard: 읽다
Passive: 읽히다
Rule: Attach -히- when the verb stem ends in ㄱ.
Active: 그는 책을 읽었다 (He read the book).
Passive: 책이 읽혔다 (The book was read).
Give me the passive form of ‘to close’
Standard: 닫다
Passive: 닫히다
Rule: Attach -히- when the verb stem ends in ㄷ.
Active: 그는 문을 닫았다 (He closed the door).
Passive: 문이 닫혔다 (The door was closed).
Give me the passive form of ‘to catch’
Standard: 잡다
Passive: 잡히다
Rule: Attach -히- when the verb stem ends in ㅂ.
Active: 그는 도둑을 잡았다 (He caught the thief).
Passive: 도둑이 잡혔다 (The thief was caught).
Give me the passive form of ‘to meet’
Standard: 만나다
Passive: 만나지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 우리는 친구를 만났다 (We met a friend).
Passive: 친구가 만나졌다 (The friend was met).
Give me the passive form of ‘to hold’
Standard: 들다
Passive: 들리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 가방을 들었다 (He held the bag).
Passive: 가방이 들렸다 (The bag was held).
Give me the passive form of ‘to make’
Standard: 만들다
Passive: 만들어지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 케이크를 만들었다 (He made the cake).
Passive: 케이크가 만들어졌다 (The cake was made).
Give me the passive form of ‘to break (physically)’
Standard: 부수다
Passive: 부서지다
Rule: Attach -지- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 벽을 부쉈다 (He broke the wall).
Passive: 벽이 부서졌다 (The wall was broken).
Give me the passive form of ‘to drive’
Standard: 운전하다
Passive: 운전되어지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 차를 운전했다 (He drove the car).
Passive: 차가 운전되어졌다 (The car was driven).
Give me the passive form of ‘to solve’
Standard: 풀다
Passive: 풀리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 문제를 풀었다 (He solved the problem).
Passive: 문제가 풀렸다 (The problem was solved).
Give me the passive form of ‘to start’
Standard: 시작하다
Passive: 시작되다
Rule: Attach -되- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 수업을 시작했다 (He started the class).
Passive: 수업이 시작되었다 (The class was started).
Give me the passive form of ‘to understand’
Standard: 이해하다
Passive: 이해되다
Rule: Attach -되- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 그 문제를 이해했다 (He understood the issue).
Passive: 그 문제는 이해되었다 (The issue was understood).
Give me the passive form of ‘to say’
Standard: 말하다
Passive: 말해지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 그것을 말했다 (He said that).
Passive: 그것이 말해졌다 (That was said).
Give me the passive form of ‘to discover’
Standard: 발견하다
Passive: 발견되다
Rule: Attach -되- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 새로운 사실을 발견했다 (He discovered a new fact).
Passive: 새로운 사실이 발견되었다 (A new fact was discovered).
Give me the passive form of ‘to prepare’
Standard: 준비하다
Passive: 준비되다
Rule: Attach -되- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 식사를 준비했다 (He prepared the meal).
Passive: 식사가 준비되었다 (The meal was prepared).
Give me the passive form of ‘to use’
Standard: 사용하다
Passive: 사용되다
Rule: Attach -되- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 도구를 사용했다 (He used the tool).
Passive: 도구가 사용되었다 (The tool was used).
Give me the passive form of ‘to manage’
Standard: 관리하다
Passive: 관리되다
Rule: Attach -되- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 회사를 관리했다 (He managed the company).
Passive: 회사가 관리되었다 (The company was managed).
Give me the passive form of ‘to repair’
Standard: 고치다
Passive: 고쳐지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 컴퓨터를 고쳤다 (He repaired the computer).
Passive: 컴퓨터가 고쳐졌다 (The computer was repaired).
Give me the passive form of ‘to push’
Standard: 누르다
Passive: 눌리다
Rule: Attach -리- when the verb stem ends in ㄹ.
Active: 그는 버튼을 눌렀다 (He pushed the button).
Passive: 버튼이 눌렸다 (The button was pushed).
Give me the passive form of ‘to meet’
Standard: 만나
Passive: 만나지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 친구를 만났다 (He met a friend).
Passive: 친구가 만나졌다 (The friend was met).
Give me the passive form of ‘to turn off’
Standard: 끄다
Passive: 꺼지다
Rule: Attach -지- for certain verbs.
Active: 그는 불을 껐다 (He turned off the light).
Passive: 불이 꺼졌다 (The light was turned off).
Give me the passive form of ‘to stop’
Standard: 멈추다
Passive: 멈춰지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 차를 멈췄다 (He stopped the car).
Passive: 차가 멈춰졌다 (The car was stopped).
Give me the passive form of ‘to save’
Standard: 구하다
Passive: 구해지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 사람을 구했다 (He saved the person).
Passive: 사람이 구해졌다 (The person was saved).
Give me the passive form of ‘to borrow’
Standard: 빌리다
Passive: 빌려지다
Rule: Use -아/어지다 for process/result passives.
Active: 그는 책을 빌렸다 (He borrowed the book).
Passive: 책이 빌려졌다 (The book was borrowed).
