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Business And Management > Partial 1 > Flashcards

Partial 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Capital Goods

A

Goods used to produce other goods, such as tools, equipment and machinery.

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2
Q

Consumers

A

Individuals or organizations who use a product.

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3
Q

Consumer Goods

A

Goods produced for general use by the public. They can be durable and non-durable.

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4
Q

Customers

A

People or organization that buy a product.

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5
Q

De-industrialisation

A

The decline in manufacturing.

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6
Q

Division of labour

A

Specialisation in specific tasks or skills by individuals.

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7
Q

Factors of production

A

Resources used by business to produce goods and services.

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8
Q

Limited Company

A

A business organisation which has a separate legal entity from that of its owners.

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9
Q

Markets

A

Anywhere that buyers and sellers communicate to exchange goods and services.

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10
Q

Money

A

Any substance which is generally accepted as a means of exchange.

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11
Q

Needs

A

Basic necessitates that a person must have to survive.

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12
Q

Opportunity Cost

A

The benefit of the next best option foregone when making a choice between a number of alternatives.

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13
Q

Primary Production Sector

A

Activities or businesses involved in the cultivation or extraction of natural resources.

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14
Q

Private Limited Company

A

Company with limited liability, and the capital is divided into shares privately and all members must agree in the sale of this shares. (LTD)

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15
Q

Public Limited Company

A

Company with limited liability, and the capital is divided into, shares are bought and sold on the stock market, by anyone who wants. (PLC)

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16
Q

Secondary Production Sector

A

It is the section of the economy where business activity is concerned with the construction and manufacturing of products.

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17
Q

Specialisation

A

In business, the production of a limited range of goods.

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18
Q

Tertiary Production Sector

A

It refers to the section of the economy where business activity is concerned with the revision of services to customers.

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19
Q

Deed of partnership

A

A binding legal document which states the formal rights of partners.

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20
Q

Limited Liability

A

Where a business owner is only liable for the original amount of money invested in the business.

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21
Q

Limited partnership

A

A partnership where some members contribute capital and enjoy a share of profit, but do not participate in the running of the business. At least one partner must have unlimited liability.

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22
Q

Organisation

A

A body set up to meet a need.

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23
Q

Partnership

A

A business organisation which is usually owned by between 2-20 people

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24
Q

Private Sector

A

Businesses that are owned by individuals or groups of individuals.

25
Q

Sole Trader or Sole Proprietor

A

It is a self-employed person who runs and controls the business and is the sole person held responsible for its success (profits) or failure (unlimited liability).

26
Q

Unlimited liability

A

It is a feature of sole traders and ordinary partnerships who are legally liable for all monies owed to their creditors, even if this means that they have to sell their personal possessions to pay for their debts.

27
Q

Merit goods

A

Goods which are underprovided by private sector businesses.

28
Q

Nationalised industries

A

Public corporations previously part of the private sector which were taken into state ownership.

29
Q

Natural Monopoly

A

A situation where production costs will be lower if one firm is allowed to exist on its own in the industry, due to the existence of huge economies of scale.

30
Q

Privatisation

A

The transfer of public sector resources to the private sector.

31
Q

Private public partnerships

A

These involve the private sector in the operation of public services

32
Q

Public corporations

A

Organisations set up by law to run services on behalf of government.

33
Q

Public goods

A

Goods where consumption by one person does not reduce the amount available to others and, once provided, all individuals will benefit.

34
Q

Public Sector

A

Part of the economy controlled by the government.

35
Q

Consumer co-operative

A

A business organization which is run and owned jointly by the members, who have equal voting rights.

36
Q

Not-for-profit organization

A

Organizations that are run according to business principles, but that do not aim to make a profit.

37
Q

Pressure groups

A

Groups of people that attempt to influence decision makers in politics, business and society.

38
Q

Public sector

A

Business organizations owned and controlled by central or local government.

39
Q

Worker co-operative

A

A business organization owned by employees who contribute to production and share in profit.

40
Q

Non Governmental Organizations (NGO)

A

It is any non-profit, voluntary citizens’ group which is organized on a local, national or international level.

41
Q

Corporate objectives

A

The objectives of a medium to large-sized business as a whole.

42
Q

Functional (or departmental) objectives

A

The objectives of a department within a business.

43
Q

Mission statement

A

A brief statement, written by the business, of its purpose and its objectives, designed to encapsulate its present operations.

44
Q

Objective or goal

A

A target or outcome for a business which allows it to achieve its aims.

45
Q

SMART

A

Acronym or the attributes of a good objective. -specific, measurable, agreed, realistic and time specific.

46
Q

Aim

A

The intention or purpose of a business; what a business is ultimately striving to achieve.

47
Q

Profit maximisation

A

Earning the highest profit possible over the period of time.

48
Q

Profit satisficing

A

Making enough profit to satisfy the needs of the shareholder whilst pursuing at least aim such as rewarding managers and directors.

49
Q

Shareholder value

A

The value of the company to owners over a period of time as measured by a combination of the size of its dividend payments rise in its share price.

50
Q

Vision statement

A

A statement about the purpose values of an organisation, outlining what it would deal in an ideal world.

51
Q

External audit

A

An audit of the external environment in which a business finds itself, such as the market within which it operates or government restrictions on its operations

52
Q

Internal audit

A

An analysis of the business itself and how it operates

53
Q

Longterm objective

A

Objective of business over the next 3 to 5 years

54
Q

Operation objectives

A

Small scale, shorter objectives to be achieved on a day to day basis.

55
Q

Short-term objectives

A

Objectives of a business which are likely to be achieved within the next 12 months

56
Q

Strategic analysis

A

Auditing the internal and external environments of the business to understand where the business is today and how it could develop in the future.

57
Q

Strategic objectives

A

The main objectives of a business designed to achieve its aims.

58
Q

Tactical objectives

A

Short-term objectives which help a business to achieve its strategic objectives.

59
Q

Tactics

A

Short-term-specific ways in which the short term objectives of the business can be achieved.

Business And Management (14 decks)

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