part 6 Flashcards
functions of sweeteners?
induce hedonic response in humans, flavour/colour formation, texturize, depress freeze point, antimicrobial activity, nutr. source for fermenting orgs, prevent dental caries, production of low cal/diabetic foods (diet)
what is hygroscopic?
ability to bind water from enviro
why need osmotic pressure regulators?
pro and prebiotics
what are flavour and colour formation reactions/examples?
caramelization, Maillard
viscosity is associated with ___ properties
organoleptic
example of depressing freeze point?
slurpees
what is the leading food additive in Canada, USA and Europe?
sucrose
in canada, sugar =
sucrose
can you have an allergy to sucrose?
nope
product of acid hydrolysis of sucrose w/ equimolar ration of fructose:glucose–need less to obtain same sweetness as sucrose
invert sugar
first commercial application of biotechnology
HFCS
HFCS/fruit sugar is also called
levulose
HFCS is used in proudction of:
diabetic, low cal foods (higher sweetness value so use less, fructose is slower absorbed and don’t elicit release of insulin while maintain sufficient lvl blood sugar prevent hypoglycemia)
why is HFCS ok?
sucrose hydrolysis, chemically pure, GMP, studies show no diff impact on health compared w/ other sugar, fructose is all natural and can improve insulin sensitivity and glycemic control
not considered to be food additive, chalky taste, hydroscopic, slightly less cals than normal CHO, active ingredient in athletic drink
galactose
what is galactose metabolic disorder?
galactosemia (enzyme deficiency, test in infant’s diaper, cirrhosis and cataracts in infants)
what is polyol?
comp that contains multiple hydroxyl groups; alcohol
noncyclic polyol naturally occuring in variety of plants that is food additive w/ GRAS status
xylitol
sweetness value is ____ sucrose, ___% reduction in cals cuz slower absorption from GI tract
equivalent to; 33
xylitol has an ____ heat of solution
endothermic
what is endothermic heat of solution?
means that when put in mouth, it takes energy for it to dissolve so mouth gets cooling sensation
xylitol is an ____ agent for kids up to age ___
anticariogenic; 12 (cuz surface of enamel and microbiota changes by age 12)
a sweetener not approved for food use in Canada that is poorly digested in humans
tagatose
tagatose used in:
diabetic and diet foods (RTE cereals)