Part 4 Flashcards
The most expensive wigs are constructed using
human hair
The root ends of hair with the cuticle placed in the same direction to prevent tangling is
turned hair
A hand-knotted wig constructed for a secure fit with an elasticized mesh fiber base is a
cap wig
The hand-tied method of wig construction resembles actual hair growth with
flexibility at the root area
A head-shaped form used for securing a wig is a
burn it with a match
When mounting a wig to a block, the wig should be pinned evenly using
T-shaped pins
When performing a haircutting procedure on a wig, the general goal is to make the wig
look realistic
When cutting a wig using a free-form method, move from longer to shorter lengths, working toward the
weight
Recommended styling products for wigs should be formulated for
color-treated hair
Before placing the wig on the head the hair should be
flat and even
When shampooing a wig, avoid shampoos that have a(n)
sulfur base
Synthetic hair colors used on wigs and hairpieces are standardized using
70 colors on the hair color ring
Prior to performing a color application on a wig or hairpiece, perform a
strand test
Hairpieces with base openings that allow a client’s hair to be pulled and blended are
integration hairpieces
A small wig for men used to cover the to and crown of the head is a
toupee
Hair additions secured to the base of natural hair that add length, volume, texture, or color are
hair extensions
Hair attached to an on-the-scalp braid that serves as the track is secured using a
track-and-sew method
When sewing an extension onto a track, the needle should be
straight or curves
The sewing stitch where the thread is wound around the needle twice is the
double-lock stitch
Attaching hair wefts or single strands with an adhesive or glue is a
bonding method
Hair that is bonded can be successfully shampooed provided it is done
gently
The fusion method of extensions requires that the bonding material be activated with
heat from a special tool
The fusion procedure involves wrapping both the client’s hair and a
keratin-based strip
A styling maintenance program educates clients in the use of
styling products
The chemical texture service that loosens overly curly hair into loose curls or waves is
curl re-formation
All chemical texture procedures involve changing the hair structure using
chemical and physical changes
The exterior hair structure layer that protects the hair from damage is the
cuticle
The layer of the hair that provides strength and elasticity is the
cortex
Hair bonds that cannot be broken by head or water are
disulfide bonds
The natural pH of hair is between
4.5 and 5.5
One of the most important parts of a successful texture service is the
client consultation
Permanent waves cannot be performed if the hair is coated with
metallic salts
Disulfide bonds are chemical-based side bonds that are formed when
sulfur atoms in two adjacent protein chains are joined together
The measurement used to determine the hydrogen ions in a solution is
potential of hydrogen
Chemical textuizers temporarily raise the pH of the hair by lifting the cuticle layer to
allow penetration to the cortex layer
Long, coiled polypeptide chains that are part of the hairs structure are
keratin proteins
The client record card should include a complete evaluation of the length, texture, color, and
condition of the hair
During the hair and scalp analysis procedure, the stylist should look for
abrasions or signs of scalp disease
Hair texture that requires a longer processing or rewetting of solution to ensure complete saturation is
coarse-textured hair
The measurement of the number of hairs per square inch on the head is
density
An indication of the strength of the side bonds is
elasticity
The second process of a permanent wave is the
chemical change process
In permanent waving, the size of the curl is determined by the
size of the rod
The permanent wave rod that produces a uniform curl along the entire width of the strand is a
straight rod
A wrapping technique using two endpapers, one placed under the strand and one over is the
double-flat wrap
Permanent wave rods are placed onto subsections of a panel called
base sections
The position of a permanent wave rod in relation to its base section is the
base placement
The technique of wrapping at a 90-degree angle or straight out from the center is
half-off base placement
The two basic types of wrapping hair around a perm rod are the spiral method and
croquignole method
A technique used to wrap extra-long hair using two rods in opposite directions is a(n)
piggyback wrap
A reduction reaction involves either the addition of hydrogen or removal of
oxygen
A common, colorless reducing agent used in chemical texture services is
thioglycolic acid
The main reducing agent in alkaline permanents is
ammonium thoglycolate
Most alkaline permanent waves have a pH between
9.0 and 9.6
The primary low pH reducing agent in acid waves is
glyceryl monothioglycolate
An exothermic chemical reaction produces
heat
The basic components of acid waves are permanent wave solution and
activator and neutralizer
An endothermic wave must be activated using a(n)
outside heat source
In permanent waving, the processing should be determined by the
strength of the solution
Hair that is too weak to hold a curl or may be completely straight after a perm is
over-processed
The process of stropping the action of permanent wave is
neutralization
Permanent wave solution should be rinsed from the hair for a minimum of
5 minutes
A 90-degree perm wrap that minimizes stress and tension on the hair is
half off base
The process of rearranging extremely curly hair into a straighter or smoother form is
chemical hair relaxing
In extremely curly hair, the thinnest and weakest sections of the hair strand are located at the
twists
Thio chemical relaxers usually have a pH value above
10
The active ingredient in all hydroxide relaxers is the hydroxide
ion
All hydroxide relaxers can swell the hair up to
twice its normal diameter
Hydroxide relaxers remove one atom of sulfur from a disulfide bond converting it into a
lanthionine bond
Disulfide bonds broken by hydroxide relaxers can never be
re-formed
Hydroxide ions left in the hair after a relaxer can be neutralized using a(n)
acid-balanced shampoo
Relaxers containing one component used without any additional mixing are
metal hydroxide relaxers
Sodium hydroxide relaxers (NaOH) are commonly called
lye relaxers
A relaxer with two components mixed immediately prior to use is
guanidine hydroxide relaxer
Lithium hydroxide relaxers and potassium hydroxide relaxers are advertised and sold as
no-lye relaxers
Ammonium sulfite and ammonium bisulfite are marketed as
mild alternative relaxers
Cream used to protect the skin and scalp during a hair-relaxing process is
base cream
The strength of relaxers is determined by the concentration of
hydroxide
To avoid over processing during a retouch relaxer application, wait until the last few minutes of processing to apply relaxer to the area
closest to the scalp
Conditioners with an acidic pH that condition and normalize hair prior to shampooing are
normalizing lotions
