Part 2 acid base

Question 1

Metabolic acidosis=pH is less than 7.35…when you see metabolic=kidneys which equals bicarbonate

bicarbonate level is decreased

bicarbonate is less than 22 in metabolic acidosis

Question 2

Clinical presentation of metabolic acidosis

Hyperkalemia

Question 3

pH less 7.2 is what?

Answer 3

severe acidosis

Question 4

less than 7.2 which is severe acidemia you need urgent treatment

Question 5

In acidosis potassium level is going up

Question 6

Alkalosis potassium level is what?

Answer 6

low

Question 7

Why is patient is having metabolic acidosis you must calculate what?

Answer 7

Anion gap

Question 8

The anion gap in the human body the amount of cations and anions should be balanced what are the major cations in the blood?

Answer 8

Na+

Question 9

What are the anions in the body?

Answer 9

chloride and bicarbonate

Question 10

Unmeasured anions are phosphate, citrate, sulfate,protein, formic acid and these are acidic substances and we don’t measure them so that leaves the gap

Question 11

When we do electrolyte workup we only measure sodium,potassium,bicarbonate, and chloride

Question 12

Anion gap=

Answer 12

Na+ - (Cl-+HCO3-)

Question 13

Why is it important to calculate anion gap? Because if the anion gap is high you have more of unmeasured anions in your body

Question 14

If pt is in metabolic acidosis next job is to calculate anion gap

If anion gap is high these are the causes that can contribute to metabolic acidosis such as methanol, uremia, etc

Question 15

If someone ingest large amounts of methanol pt may go into elevated anion gap metabolic acidosis why is that what is the end product? Alcohol goes into what? aldehyde goes into what acid

Answer 15

formic acid

Question 16

Alcohol metabolizes to aldehyde…aldehyde is to acid

Question 17

Once you ingest methanol it will convert to formic acid in the end

Question 18

Lactic acidosis causes metabolic acidosis