Part 2

Question 1

All white blood cells come from bone marrow

Question 2

____________–>megakaryocytes–>platelets

Answer 2

bone marrow

Question 3

Platelets lifespan of ________

Answer 3

8 to 10 days

Question 4

Platelets have no nucleus so no genetic information to make new proteins

Question 5

Platelets–> 3A’s
Adhesion

_________

__________

Answer 5

activation

aggregation

Question 6

Atherosclerotic pkaque disturbance or rupture–>exposed collagen and vWF

Question 7

Platelet adhesion
Binding to injury site (or disturbed/ruptured plaque) via ______and vwF

Binding through cell surface ____________ receptors

Initiates degranulation of alpha and dense granules–>platelet activation

Answer 7

collagen

GP (glycoprotein) receptors

Question 8

When vWF binds to receptor and triggers signaling downstream and what happens is there is stored calcium inside and that’s going to increase calcium release from storage which will rearrange the actin cytoskeleton which forms spiny structures which are filopod formation and the other thing calcium makes these granules full of stuff fuse with the plasma membrane and excrete content to outside and further prorogates the activation of the aggregation of the platelets

Question 9

Two major types of platelet granules–>alpha granules and dense granules

Question 10

Dense granules contain higher concentrations of _______,serotonin, more important for platelet aggregation

Answer 10

ADP

Question 11

ADP bind to P2Y1 and P2Y12

Question 12

Platelet activation:_________

Answer 12

Thromboxane A2

Question 13

Platelet Activation

Morphological changefrom smooth disks to spiny spheres (rearrangement of actin cytoskeleton and filopod formation)

___________and secretion of contents of alpha and dense granules
—>further activation of platelets and platelet aggregation

___________production–>Increase calcium

Dense granules–>_______–>Activation of purinergic P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors

Initiation of “inside-out” signaling

Answer 13

Degranulation

Thromboxane A2

ADP

Question 14

P2Y1–>Gq–>increase calcium—> transient/weak platelet aggregation

Question 15

P2Y12–>Gi–>decrease cAMP, increase GP llb/IIIa activation–>stable platelet aggregation

Question 16

Clopidogrel blocks P2Y12

Question 17

Platelets Aggregation
Platelets stick to one another
__________forms a cross-bridge btwn GPlla/lllb receptors on different platelets
vWF contributes to platelet aggregation as well

Initiation of “outside-in” signaling
Further activation of platelet (irreversible) aggregation

Answer 17

Fibrinogen