Part 2 Flashcards
It is a drooping of the upper eyelid that causes from myasthenia gravis, damage to the oculomotor nerve (CN III), and damage to the sympathetic nerve supply (Horner syndrome).
Ptosis
More common in the ederly, which is an inward turning of the lid margin. The lower lashes which often invisible when turned inward, irritate the conjunctiva and lower cornea.
Entropion
The lower lid margin turns outward, exposing the palpebral conjuctiva.
Ectropion
A wide-eyed stare suggests_____
Lid Retraction
Decribes protrusion of the eyeball, a common feature of Graves ophthalmopathy, triggered by autoreactive T lymphocytes
Exophthalmos
Swelling and Excessive tearing are seen in
- Conjunctival inflammation
* Corneal irritation
Dryness of the lacrimal apparatus from impaired secretion
Sjogren Syndrome
Impaired Drainage of Lacrimal Apparatus
- Ectropion
* Nasolacrimal duct obstruction
A harmless yellowish triangular nodule in the bulbar conjunctiva on either side of the iris.
Pinguecula
A localized ocular inflammation of the episcleral vessels. Seen in rheumatoid arthritis, Sjogren syndrome, and herpes zoster.
Episcleritis
A painful, tender, red infection at the inner or outer margin of the eyelid, usually from Staph aureus.
Stye (Hordeolum)
A subacute nontender, usually painless nodule caused by a blocked meibomian gland.
Chalazion
Leakage of blood outside of the vessels, producing a homogenous, sharply demarcated, red area that resolves over 2 weeks; no pain; vision not affected; no ocular discharge; pupil not affected; clear cornea; may result from trauma, bleeding disorders, or sudden increase in venous pressure, as from cough
Subconjuctival Hemorrhage
Diffuse dilation of conjunctival vessels with redness that tends to be maximal peripherally; mild discomfort rather than pain; vision not affected except for temporary mild blurring due to discharge; watery, mucoid or mucopurulent ocular discharge; pupil not affected; clear cornea; bacterial, viral, and other infections, highly contagious; allergy, irritation
Conjunctivitis
Pain is moderate to severe, superficial, vision usually decreased, watery or purulent ocular discharge; pupil not afffected unless iritis develops; cornea changes depending on cause
Corneal Injury or Infection
Severe, aching, deep pain; decreased vision; no ocular discharge; dilated, fixed pupil; steamy, cloudy cornea; acute increase in intraocular pressure constitutes an emergency
Acute Angle Closure Glaucoma
Moderate, aching, deep pain, decreased; photophobia vision; no ocular discharge; small and irregular pupil; clear or slightly clouded; injection confined to corneal limbus cornea
Acute Iritis
A thin grayish white arc or circle not quiet at the edge of the cornea. Usually benign.
Corneal arcus
A golden to red ring, somtimes shading to green or blue, from copper desposition in the periphery of the cornea found in WIlson disease
Kayser-Fleischer RIng
A superficial grayish white opacity in the cornea, secondary to an old injury or to inflammation. Visible on a deeper plane and only through the pupil.
Corneal scar