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Diagnostic Imaging II > Part 13 > Flashcards

Part 13 Flashcards

1
Q

cause of multiple myeloma

A

malignant proliferation of plasma cells

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2
Q

location of multiple myeloma

A

vertebra (T&L)
pelvis, skull, ribs
clavicle, scapula
femur, humerus

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3
Q

age of multiple myeloma

A

50-80

males

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4
Q

findings of multiple myeloma

A 
circumscribed osteolytic lesions
bone scans may be normal 
MRI for marrow changes
osteoporosis/osteopenia
osteolytic defects
osteoblastic lesions
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5
Q

MRI findings of multiple myeloma

A

diffuse low T1
isointense to increase T2
pathologic fracture
little soft tissue mass

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6
Q

clinical for multiple myeloma

A 
pain
unexplainable weight loss
cachexia
respiratory bacterial infections
anemia
renal disease
respiratory disease
deossification of bone
production of abnormal serum and urinary proteins
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7
Q

lab results for multiple myeloma

A 
increased ESR
thrombocytopenia
rouleaux formation
increase serum calcium
normal or increase serum P
increase plama proteins
hyperglobulinemia with reversed albumin to globulin ratio
M spike
monoclonal globulin production
bence jones proteins
increase uric acid
>10% plasma cells in bone biopsy
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8
Q

treatment/prognosis of multiple myeloma

A

treatment often palliative
chemotherapy, radiation
hydration and ambulation
5 year survival 20%

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9
Q

cause of osteosarcoma

A

malignant tumor of undiffereniated CT which forms an osteoid

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10
Q

location of osteosarcoma

A

DISTAL FEMUR
proximal tibia
proximal humerus
metaphysis

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11
Q

age/gender of osteosarcoma

A

10-25
>60
males

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12
Q

findings of osteosarcoma

A 
ill defined sclerotic/ivory lesion
moth eaten, permative
spiculated/sunburst
periosteal reaction
large soft tissue mass with tumor new bone
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13
Q

clinical osteosarcoma

A 
tend to be taller than peers
painful swelling (1-2months)
common to have antedant history of trauma
pain insidious, becomes severe and persistent
minor restriction/joint motion
possible limp
fever may occur
mets to lung common
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14
Q

labs for osteosarcoma

A

NUC (intense increase activity
MRI- clearly defines marrow involvement on T1 and soft tissue component on T2
SPECT- soft tissue exension

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15
Q

treatment/prognosis of osteosarcoma

A

amputation
multi drug chemotherapy
early pulmonary mets often present before primary lesion is found

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16
Q

cause of osteochondroma

A

primary malignant tumor of chondrogenic origin

17
Q

location of osteochondroma

A 
PROXIMAL HUMERUS
PELVIS
neck of femur
ribs, sternum
central or peripheral
18
Q

age/gender of osteochondroma

A

40-60
~50
male

19
Q

findings of osteochondroma

A

round area of demineralization with ill defines margins
endoseal scalloping from pressure erosion
popcorn matrix calcification
lare soft tissue mass
primary chondrosarcoma
secondary (complication of a pre-existing skeletal abnormality such as osteochondroma or enchondroma

20
Q

clinical of osteochondroma

A

development of large soft tissue mass
late development of pain
symptoms <2 years in 75%

21
Q

cause of ewing’s sarcoma

A

primitive primary malignant composed of tumor cells derived from CT framework of bone marrow

22
Q

location of ewing’s sarcoma

A

long tubular bones
diaphyseal
metaphyseal
flat bone involvement

23
Q

age/gender of ewing’s sarcoma

A

tubular bones (<20)
flat bones (>20)
male
(10-25 avg)

24
Q

findings of ewing’s sarcoma

A 
8-10cm long lesion in shaft
moth eaten, permative (late findings)
long zone of transition
onion skin periosteal reaaction
cortical saucerization
25
Q

clinical of ewing’s sarcoma

A

soft tissue mass formation
lung mets
MC primary malignancy to mets to bone

26
Q

treatment/prognosis of ewing’s sarcoma

A

amputation, radiation, chemo with 60-75% 5 year survival
mets to lung, bone, lymph nodes in
11-30% upon diagnosis
40-45% within 2 yeras of diangosis

27
Q

MC tumor of bone

A

metastasis

28
Q

MC primary malignant tumor of bone

A

multiple myeloma

29
Q

2nd MC primary malignant tumor of bone

A

osteosarcoma

30
Q

3rd MC primary malignant tumor of bone

A

osteochondroma

31
Q

4th MC primary malignant tumor of bone

A

ewing’s sarcoma

32
Q

MC malignant tumor in children

A

osteosarcoma

33
Q

MC tumor in sacrum

A

GCT

34
Q

MC tumor in hand

A

enchondroma

35
Q

MC benign tumor of bone

A

osteochondroma

36
Q

MC benign tumor of bone

A

hemangioma

37
Q

MC mets

A

lytic

38
Q

MC primary bone tumor that mets to bone

A

Ewing’s sarcoma

39
Q

Ivory vertebra means?

A

Paget, blastic mets, lymphoma

Diagnostic Imaging II (19 decks)

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