Part 12 Flashcards
cause of enchrondroma
cartilaginous growth in medullary cavity of bones preformed in cartilage
location of enchrondroma
small bones of wrist and hand (PHALANGES, metacarpals)
long bones
central and meta/diaphyseal
age/gender of enchondroma
10-30
male or female
findings of enchondroma
round/oval lucency with fine marginal line
endosteal scalloping
stippled/punctate calcifications
possible cortical thinning and expansion
clinical of enchondroma
asymptomatic MC
enchondromatosis is also called?
ollier’s disease
cause of enchondromatosis
non-hereditary failure of cartilage ossification
location of enchondromatosis
hands and feet
age of enchrondromatosis
early childhood
findings of enchondromatosis
multiple enchondromas
clinical of enchrondromatosis
hand/feet deformity
maffucci syndrome
multiple soft tissue hemangiomas
associated with enchondromatosis
cause of hemangioma
solitary vascular neoplasm
slow growing and composed of newly formed capillary, cavernous or venous blood vessel
location of hemangioma
vertebral body (T or L) calvarium with predilection for frontal bone
age and gender of hemangiomas
40-50
female
findings of hemangiomas
<4cm round lesion
sunburst/spoked wheel appearance
may occur in diploic space, producing a palpable lump secondary to widen the space
clinical of hemangiomas
asymptomatic
symptomatic (spinal lesions causing stenosis)
labs of hemangioma
MRI if symptomatic
treatment/prognosis of hemangioma
no treatment MC
symptomatic (decompession surgery)
skull lesion treated with enbloc excision
cause of chondroblastoma
rare benign bone tumor
location of chondroblastoma
apophysis or epiphysis in a subarticular location
lower extremity
age/gender of chondroblastoma
5-25
male
findings of chondroblastoma
round/oval eccentric lytic lesion/epiphysis or apophyaia 1-6 cm in diameter
lobulated (50%)
punctate calcificaitons (25-50)
periostitis
clinical of chondroblastoma
often asymptomatic for months to years without treatment
mild joint pain, tenderness, joint swelling, limited ROM
treatment/prognosis of chondroblastoma
surgical curretage and packing with bone chips
local recurrence rate of ~20%
resection in expendable area
cause of fibrous cortical defect (fibrous xanthoma)
cortex is defective
location of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)
metaphysis of long bones of lower extremity
age of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)
2-8
findings of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)
round lytic lesion 1-2 cm in diameter with well defined sclerotic margin
eccentric and metaphyseal
oval and extending parallel to long axis which could produce cortical thining and expansion
lytic or bubbly in appearance
may be multilocular
clinical of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)
asymptomatic
treatment/prognosis of FCD (fibrous xanthoma)
no treatment necessary as tissue lesions tend to spontaneously regress over 2-5 year period
location of non-ossifying fibroma (fibrous xanthoma)
long bones of LE
age of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)
8-20
findings of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)
eccentric and metaphyseal
multilocular avoid lesion along long axis
dense sclerotic border
endosteal scalloping and thinning and bulging
migrates toward diaphysis
clinical of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)
asymptomatic
treatment/prognosis of NOF (fibrous xanthoma)
no treatment necessary as these lesions tend to spontaneously regress
>8cm may need curettage and bone backing to prohibit fracture
cause of fibrous dysplasia
fibro-osseous developmental anomaly/mesenchymal precursor of bone, manifested as a defect in osteoblastic differentiation and maturation
location of fibrous dysplasia
monostoic (ribs, proximal femur, craniofacial bones)
polystoic (femur, tibia, pelvis, feet, ribs, skull and facial, upper extremity and spine)
age/female of fibrous dysplasia
10-20
male, female
findings fo fibrous dysplasia
most medullary cavity lesions are lucent, loculated or tabeculated with rim sign
may cause thickening of cortex and widening of shaft
ground glass appearance
findings for skull with fibrous dysplasia
often areas of increased density along convexity and anterior fossa
unilateral overgrowth of facial bones
expansion in skull bones and ribs
clinical of fibrous dysplasia
many asymptomatic pain secondary to deformity of fracture leg length discrepancy shepard's crook sabre shin CN compromise protrusio acetabuli proptosis (bulging eyes) pseudo arthrosis of tibia in infancy malignant transformation pathologic fracture
McCune-Albright syndrome
polyostoic fibrous dysplasia
cafe au lait spots
endocrine dysfunction
precocious puberty in females
