part 12 Flashcards
1
Q
protrusion of the viscus (internal organ such as intestine) through an abnormal opening or a weakened area in the wall of the cavity
A
hernia
2
Q
What are the 2 types of hernia?
A
- reducible: returns into cavity (manually or spontaneously)
- irreducible or incarcerated: cannot be placed back into cavity and can become trapped
3
Q
What are the hernia types?
A
- Inguinal: most common
- umbilical: weak rectus muscle
- femoral: easily strangulate
- ventral or incisional: occurs at previous incision site
4
Q
What are the clinical manifestations of hernia?
A
- pain
- if stangulated severe pain, vomiting, cramping abd pain, and distention
5
Q
What is a herniorrhaphy?
A
-reinforce weekend are with mesh or wire
6
Q
Explain post surgery care of a hernia?
A
- I&O
- scrotal support
- ice and elevate
- encourage deep breathing
- No coughing
- splint incision and keep mouth open in coughing is unavoidable
- restrict heavy lifting for 6-8 weeks
7
Q
- dilated hemorrhoidal veins
- can be internal and external
- increased anal pressure and weakening of the connective tissue which supports the hemorrhoidal veins
A
hemorrhoids
8
Q
What are the risk factors for hemorrhoids?
A
pregnancy prolonged constipation straining to defecate heavy lifting prolonged standing or sitting obesity portal hypertension
9
Q
What are the clinical manifestations of hemorrhoids?
A
bleeding with pooing anal pruritus prolapse pain external itching, burning, edema
10
Q
What is the treatment for hemorrhoids?
A
high fiber diet increase fluid intake anti-inflammatories anesthetics topical corticosteroids sitz bath pain meds before pooping -internal rhoids: nonsurgical rubberband ligation, laser -prolapse: surgical hemorrhoidectomy
